Process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus
Provided is a process cartridge having a charging member and an electrophotographic photosensitive member to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a support and a photosensitive layer in this order, and a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm 2 or less.
1. A process cartridge, comprising:
a charging member; and
an electrophotographic photosensitive member configured to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, said electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support and a photosensitive layer in this order,
the charging member having an electroconductive substrate and a conductive elastic layer as a surface layer,
the elastic layer containing a binder and a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening, the opening being exposed on a surface of the charging member,
a surface of the elastic layer comprising a concave portion derived from the opening and a convex portion derived from an edge of the opening, wherein
a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a charge transport material and a polycarbonate resin having structures represented by formulae (I) and (II), where formula (I) is
and formula (II) is at least one of formulae (II-1) to (II-5)
and
the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm 2 or less.
2. A process cartridge, comprising:
a charging member; and
an electrophotographic photosensitive member configured to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support and a photosensitive layer in this order,
the charging member having an electroconductive substrate and a conductive elastic layer as a surface layer,
a surface of the elastic layer containing an insulating hollow particle and an insulating binder,
the hollow particle forming a convex portion exposed on the surface of the elastic layer, the hollow particle having a recess at the apex part of the convex portion, wherein
a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a charge transport material and a polycarbonate resin having structures represented by formulae (I) and (II), where formula (I) is
and formula (II) is at least one of formulae (II-1) to (II-5)
and
the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm 2 or less.
3. The process cartridge according to claim 1 , wherein the structure represented by formula (II) is at least one of formulae (II-1), (II-2) and (II-3).
4. The process cartridge according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the structure represented by formula (I) in the polycarbonate resin is 20 to 60 mol %.
5. The process cartridge according to claim 1 , wherein the charge transport material has a content of 30 to 70% by mass relative to a content of the polycarbonate resin in the surface layer.
6. The process cartridge according to claim 1 , wherein the structure represented by formula (II) has a structure represented by formula (II-1) and a structure represented by formula (II-2).
7. The process cartridge according to claim 6 , wherein the proportion of the structure represented by formula (II-1) is 0.1 to 1.0 times the proportion of the structure represented by formula (II-2) in terms of a molar ratio in the polycarbonate resin.
8. An electrophotographic apparatus, comprising:
at least one of a charging unit and an exposing unit; and
a process cartridge, the process cartridge comprising a charging member and an electrophotographic photosensitive member configured to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support and a photosensitive layer in this order,
the charging member having an electroconductive substrate, and a conductive elastic layer as a surface layer,
the elastic layer containing a binder and a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening, the opening being exposed on a surface of the charging member,
a surface of the elastic layer comprising a concave portion derived from the opening and a convex portion derived from an edge of the opening, wherein
a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a charge transport material and a polycarbonate resin having structures represented by formulae (I) and (II), where formula (I) is
and formula (II) is at least one of formulae (II-1) to (II-5)
and
the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm 2 or less.
9. The process cartridge according to claim 2 , wherein the structure represented by formula (II) is at least one of formulae (II-1), (II-2) and (II-3).
10. The process cartridge according to claim 2 , wherein the proportion of the structure represented by formula (I) in the polycarbonate resin is 20 to 60 mol %.
11. The process cartridge according to claim 2 , wherein the charge transport material has a content of 30 to 70% by mass relative to a content of the polycarbonate resin in the surface layer.
12. The process cartridge according to claim 2 , wherein the structure represented by formula (II) has a structure represented by formula (II-1) and a structure represented by formula (II-2).
13. The process cartridge according to claim 12 , wherein the proportion of the structure represented by formula (II-1) is 0.1 to 1.0 times the proportion of the structure represented by formula (II-2) in terms of a molar ratio in the polycarbonate resin.
14. An electrophotographic apparatus, comprising:
at least one of a charging unit and an exposing unit; and
a process cartridge, the process cartridge comprising a charging member and an electrophotographic photosensitive member configured to be charged by being in contact with the charging member, the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support and a photosensitive layer in this order,
the charging member having an electroconductive substrate, and a conductive elastic layer as a surface layer,
a surface of the elastic layer containing an insulating hollow particle and an insulating binder,
the hollow particle forming a convex portion exposed on the surface of the elastic layer, the hollow particle having a recess at the apex part of the convex portion, wherein
a surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a charge transport material and a polycarbonate resin having structures represented by formulae (I) and (II), where formula (I) is
and formula (II) is at least one of formulae (II-1) to (II-5)
and
the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a Martens hardness of 230 N/mm 2 or less.