Crack sensor including polymer for healing cracks and electronic device including the same
A crack sensor with crack healing is provided. The sensor having: a substrate; a conductive layer disposed on the substrate, wherein the conductive layer contains cracks formed therein; and a polymer layer disposed between the substrate and the conductive layer, or disposed on the conductive layer and not between the substrate and the conductive layer; wherein a restoring force of the polymer layer suppresses further growth of the cracks or restores cracks.
1. A crack sensor with crack healing, the sensor comprising:
a substrate;
a conductive layer disposed on the substrate, wherein the conductive layer contains cracks formed therein; and
a self-healing polymer layer disposed directly on the conductive layer;
wherein a restoring force of the polymer layer suppresses further growth of the cracks or restores cracks,
wherein a polymer of the self-healing polymer layer does not penetrate into the cracks; and
wherein a glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer is lower than or equal to a room temperature.
2. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the restoring force of the self-healing polymer layer is configured to increase in response to an external energy applied to the self-healing polymer layer.
3. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein when the external energy is at least one of heat, light, and electric energy.
4. The sensor of claim 3 , wherein the external energy is configured to be locally irradiated to the self-healing polymer layer, and the cracks are configured to be locally restored.
5. The sensor of claim 2 , wherein when the external energy is applied to the sensor, the cracks are electrically short-circuited, or a spacing between the cracks changes, such that an electrical resistance value in the conductive layer is changed.
6. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the restoring force is generated by a functional group generated via reaction between a diacid and a triamine in the self-healing polymer layer.
7. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the restoring force is generated via a bond between oxygen and hydrogen contained in the self-healing polymer layer.
8. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the self-healing polymer layer is formed by a solution process.
9. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein a depth of the crack has a nanometer or micrometer size.
10. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the conductive layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, nickel, copper, gold, silver, iron, chromium, magnesium, zinc, tin, aluminum, cobalt, manganese, tungsten, cadmium, palladium, and carbon, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
11. The sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is used as one of a mechanical sensor, a chemical sensor and a gas sensor.
12. An electronic device comprising the crack sensor of claim 1 .