PFAS remediation method and system
A method and system to remediate soil containing PFAS compounds and organic carbon. Total organic carbon is reduced by heating the soil at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient duration to reduce surface effects between the PFAS compounds and the organic carbon to permit evaporation and treatment of the PFAS compounds from the soil.
1. A method of remediation of soil containing PFAS compounds and organic carbon, the method comprising:
reducing the total organic carbon by heating the soil at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient duration to reduce surface effects between the PFAS compounds and the TOCs to a sufficient level to permit evaporation of the PFAS from the soil.
2. The method of claim 1 comprising heating the soil at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to reduce total organic carbon to less than 0.15% by weight.
3. The method of claim 1 comprising heating the soil at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to reduce total organic carbon to less than 0.1% by weight.
4. The method of claim 1 comprising heating the soil at a temperature and for a duration sufficient to reduce total organic carbon to less than 0.05% by weight.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated to a temperature in the range of 225 degrees Celsius to 440 degrees Celsius.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated to a temperature in the range of 300 degrees Celsius to 400 degrees Celsius.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated to a temperature in the range of 320 degrees Celsius to 380 degrees Celsius.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated to a temperature in the range of 330 degrees Celsius to 350 degrees Celsius.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated for a duration in the range of 1 to 30 days.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated for a duration in the range of 5 to 25 days.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the soil is heated for a duration in the range of 2 to 10 days.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein heating is performed by conductive heat transfer using heater wells installed into the soil.
13. The method of claim 1 further comprising capturing the evaporated PFAS by vapor recovery.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising adding steam to the evaporated PFAS.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein the evaporated PFAS is in a vapor stream, the method further comprising removing PFAS from the vapor stream by cooling the vapor stream and condensing the PFAS.
16. The method of claim 14 further comprising condensing the PFAS and steam to produce a concentrated aqueous PFAS solution.
17. The method of claim 16 further comprising treating the concentrated aqueous PFAS solution by electro oxidation.
18. The method of claim 15 further comprising removing the PFAS from the vapor stream by passing the heated vapors through a scrubber to produce a concentrated aqueous PFAS solution for treatment.
19. The method of claim 1 comprising performing the method in-situ.
20. The method of claim 1 comprising performing the method ex-situ.
21. The method of claim 1 further comprising heating the soil to a plurality of sufficient temperatures along the length of a heater well using a flexible helical heater.
22. The method of claim 21 comprising heating the soil at the top and/or bottom of the heater well to a greater temperature thereby compensating for heat loss.