Devices for controlling non-thermal plasma emitters
An array of non-thermal plasma emitters is controlled to emit plasma based on application of an electric current at desired frequencies and a controlled power level. A power supply for an array controller includes a transformer that operates at the resonant frequency of the combined capacitance of the array and the cable connecting the array to the power supply. The power into the array is monitored by the controller and can be adjusted by the user. The controller monitors reflected power characteristics, such as harmonics of the alternating current, to determine initiation voltage of the plasma and/or resonant frequency plasma emitters.
1. A non-thermal plasma device comprising:
an array comprising a plurality of plasma emitters each electrically ionizing air to produce the non-thermal plasma;
a power supply electrically connectable to the array; and
a controller in electronic communication with the array and the power supply, the controller:
controlling the power supply to apply an alternating current to at least a first plasma emitter of the plurality of plasma emitters to cause the first plasma emitter to produce a first non-thermal plasma;
while the power supply is applying the alternating current, measuring electrical energy within the device; and
based on the measured electrical energy, controlling the power supply to set a constant plasma power level.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the controller:
includes a user input device that enables a user of the device to provide user input to the controller;
receives the user input; and
to control the power supply, determines, based at least in part on the user input, that the first plasma emitter is selected to produce plasma.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the controller controls the power supply to apply the alternating current only to selected plasma emitters of the plurality of plasma emitters.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the array is a large array composed of a plurality of smaller arrays together comprising the plurality of plasma emitters, the controller controlling a first of the smaller arrays to produce the non-thermal plasma independently of controlling a second of the smaller arrays to produce the non-thermal plasma.
5. The device of claim 4 , further comprising one or more cables each electrically connecting the power supply to a corresponding smaller array of the plurality of smaller arrays.
6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a cable electrically connecting the power supply to the array, the cable comprising a connector that removably attaches to the array.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the controller further controls the power supply to:
apply the alternating current to the first plasma emitter at a first drive voltage, the first non-thermal plasma having a first strength associated with the first drive voltage; and
during the first duration, apply the alternating current to a second plasma emitter of the plurality of plasma emitters at a second drive voltage different from the first drive voltage, to cause the second plasma emitter to produce a second non-thermal plasma at a second strength associated with the second drive voltage.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the controller measures the electrical energy emitted by the power supply.
9. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a transformer electrically connected between the power supply and the array, the controller measuring one or both of a current and a voltage on a primary winding of the transformer to measure the electrical energy.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the controller detects changes in one or both of the current and the voltage on the primary winding and, responsive to the changes, controls the power supply to limit application of the alternating current to the array.
11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the array comprises a polymer dielectric that is eroded by the non-thermal plasma, and the changes are caused by erosion of the dielectric.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein, based on the electrical energy in the device, the controller:
determines an initiation voltage of the non-thermal plasma; and
controls the power supply to apply the alternating current at the initiation voltage.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the controller further detects variations in the initiation voltage and controls the power supply responsively to the variations in order to produce the non-thermal plasma at the constant plasma power level.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein electrical energy of the alternating current applied to the array is filtered to selectively block one or more harmonic frequencies of the electrical energy and selectively pass one or more fundamental frequencies of the electrical energy.
15. The device of claim 1 , wherein the controller measures a reflected power from the array.
16. The device of claim 1 , wherein the controller measures the electrical energy at one or more harmonic frequencies of a fundamental frequency of the applied electrical energy.
17. The device of claim 16 , wherein the one or more harmonic frequencies are measured to detect a material degradation within the array.
18. The device of claim 16 , wherein the one or more harmonic frequencies are measured to determine an initiation voltage of the plasma.