Combination of a PD-1 antagonist and an ALK inhibitor for treating cancer
The present disclosure describes combination therapies comprising an antagonist of Programmed Death 1 receptor (PD-1) and an Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) inhibitor, and the use of the combination therapies for the treatment of cancer, and in particular for treating cancers that test positive for ALK, PD-L 1, or both ALK and PD-L 1.
1. A method for treating a cancer in a human comprising administering to the human a combination therapy which comprises an antagonist of a Programmed Death 1 protein (PD-1) and an ALK inhibitor, wherein the PD-1 antagonist is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody which comprises a heavy chain and a light chain, wherein the heavy and light chain variable regions comprise SEQ ID NO: 13 and SEQ ID NO: 15, respectively, and further wherein the ALK inhibitor is 3-[(1R)-1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-(1-piperidin-4-ylpyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-2-amine (crizotinib) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is a solid tumor.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer tests positive for PD-L1 expression by an immunohistochemical (IHC) assay.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer tests positive for ALK.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heavy chain and light chain of the anti-PD-1 antibody comprise SEQ ID NO:21 and SEQ ID NO:22, respectively, and the ALK inhibitor is crizotinib.
7. A kit which comprises a first container, a second container and a package insert, wherein the first container comprises at least one dose of a medicament comprising an antagonist of a Programmed Death 1 protein (PD-1), the second container comprises at least one dose of a medicament comprising an ALK inhibitor, and the package insert comprises instructions for treating a human for cancer using the medicaments, wherein the PD-1 antagonist is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody which comprises a heavy chain and a light chain, wherein the heavy and light chain variable regions comprise SEQ ID NO: 13 and SEQ ID NO: 15, respectively, and further wherein the ALK inhibitor is crizotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
8. The kit of claim 7 , wherein the instructions state that the medicaments are intended for use in treating a human having a cancer that (a) tests positive for PD-L1 expression by an immunohistochemical (IHC) assay; (b) tests positive for ALK; or (c) both (a) and (b).
9. The kit of claim 7 , wherein the heavy chain and light chain of the anti-PD-1 antibody comprise SEQ ID NO:21 and SEQ ID NO:22, respectively, and the ALK inhibitor is crizotinib.
10. The kit of claim 7 , wherein the heavy chain and light chain of the anti-PD-1 antibody comprise SEQ ID NO:21 and SEQ ID NO:22, respectively, formulated as a liquid medicament and the ALK inhibitor is crizotinib formulated as a 200 mg capsule or a 250 mg capsule.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is bladder cancer, breast cancer, clear cell kidney cancer, head/neck squamous cell carcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, renal cell cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, rhabdomycosarcoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), EBV-positive DLBCL, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), multiple myeloma (MM), myeloid cell leukemia-1 protein (Mcl-1), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL).
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer is advanced non-squamous NSCLC that tests positive for human ALK.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the tumor cells in a sample of said cancer exhibit positive membrane staining for PD-L1 expression by an immunohistochemical (IHC) assay.
14. A method for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a human comprising administering to the human a combination therapy which comprises an antagonist of a Programmed Death 1 protein (PD-1) that is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody comprising a heavy chain of SEQ ID NO:21 and a light chain of SEQ ID NO:22, and an ALK inhibitor that is crizotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tests positive for human ALK.
16. A kit which comprises a first container, a second container and a package insert, wherein the first container comprises at least one dose of a medicament comprising an antagonist of a Programmed Death 1 protein (PD-1) that is an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody comprising a heavy chain of SEQ ID NO:21 and a light chain of SEQ ID NO:22, the second container comprises at least one dose of a medicament comprising an ALK inhibitor that is crizotinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the package insert comprises instructions for treating a human for non-small cell lung cancer using the medicaments.
17. The kit of claim 16 , wherein said non-small cell lung cancer is advanced non-squamous NSCLC that tests positive for human ALK.