Phenoxazine derivatives for organic electroluminescent devices

1. A compound of formula (1):

wherein

A 1 and A 2

are, on each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from the group consisting of Ar 1 and N(Ar 2 ) 2 ;

E is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a divalent bridge selected from the group consisting of B(R 1 ), C(R 1 ) 2 , Si(R 1 ) 2 , C═O, C═NR 1 , C═C(R 1 ) 2 , O, S, S═O, SO 2 , N(R 1 ), P(R 1 ), and P(═O)R 1 ;

or

E is a group of formula (E-1):

wherein

the dashed bonds denote the bonds to the phenoxazine structure and to A 1 or A 2 ;

Ar 1 and Ar 2

are, on each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from the group consisting of aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 , wherein two groups Ar 2 are optionally linked to one another and optionally define a ring;

R, R 0 , R 1 , and R 2

are on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Br, Cl, I, C(═O)R 3 , CN, Si(R 3 ) 3 , N(R 3 ) 2 , P(═O)(R 3 ) 2 , S(═O)R 3 , S(═O) 2 R 3 , a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, wherein the above-mentioned groups are each optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 and wherein one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by —R 3 C═CR 3 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 3 ) 2 , C═O, C═NR 3 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 3 —, NR 3 , P(═O)(R 3 ), —O—, —S—, SO, or SO 2 , an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 , wherein two radicals R 1 , attached to the same C or Si atom are optionally linked to one another and optionally define an aliphatic or aromatic ring and wherein two adjacent radicals R 2 are optionally linked to one another and optionally define an aliphatic or aromatic ring;

R 3 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H, D, F, Br, Cl, I, C(═O)R 4 , CN, Si(R 4 ) 3 , N(R 4 ) 2 , P(═O)(R 4 ) 2 , S(═O)R 4 , S(═O) 2 R 3 , a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 3 to 20 C atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 20 C atoms, wherein the above-mentioned groups are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 4 and wherein one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by —R 4 C═CR 4 —, —C≡C—, Si(R 4 ) 2 , C═O, C═NR 4 , —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR 4 —, NR 4 , P(═O)(R 4 ), —O—, —S—, SO, or SO 2 , an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 4 , or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 4 , wherein two adjacent radicals R 3 are optionally linked to one another and optionally define an aliphatic or aromatic ring;

R 4 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, H or an aliphatic, aromatic and/or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 C atoms wherein one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F; and wherein two adjacent radicals R 4 together optionally define a mono- or polycyclic aliphatic or aromatic ring system;

a, b, c, and d

are on each occurrence, identically or differently, selected from 0 or 1; wherein a=0, b=0, c=0, or d=0 denotes that the corresponding bridge is not present;

wherein

a+b=0, 1, or 2; and

c+d=0, 1, or 2;

wherein

a+b=0 when A 1 is N(Ar 2 ) 2 ; and

c+d=0 when A 2 is N(Ar 2 ) 2 ;

e is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and a+b+e≤3;

f is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and c+d+f≤3; and

g is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein A 1 is Ar 1 and a+b=0 or 1 and/or A 2 is Ar 1 and c+d=0 or 1.

3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein E is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a divalent bridge selected from the group consisting of C(R 1 ) 2 , Si(R 1 ) 2 , O, and S, or E is a group of formula (E-1).

4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein both A 1 and A 2 are Ar 1 and a+b=0 or 1 and c+d=0 or 1.

5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from group consisting of compounds of formulae (2) through (7):

wherein

each free position of the two phenyl rings of the phenoxazine structure of the compounds of formulae (2) through (7) is optionally substituted by a radical R.

6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ar 1 is selected, identically or differently, from the group consisting of aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 14 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 .

7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formulae (2a) through (7a):

wherein

V is, identically or differently, CR 2 or N or two adjacent groups V optionally are group of formula (8a) or (9a)

wherein the dashed bonds denote the linking of these units.

8. The compound of claim 7 , wherein at least one 6-membered ring in the para position to the O atom of the central ring of the phenoxazine structure comprises two adjacent groups V which are a group of the formula (8a) or (9a).

9. The compound of claim 7 , wherein at least one group V is CR 2 , wherein R 2 is selected from the group consisting of N(R 3 ) 2 and aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 .

10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formulae (20):

wherein

each free position of the two phenyl rings of the phenoxazine structure in formula (20) are optionally substituted by a radical R.

11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ar e is selected, identically or differently, from the group consisting of an aryl and heteroaryl groups having 5 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 2 .

12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 0 is on each occurrence, identically or differently, a straight-chain alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl having 3 to 20 C atoms, wherein the above-mentioned groups are optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 and wherein one or more CH 2 groups in the above-mentioned groups are optionally replaced by —R 3 C═CR 3 —, —C≡C—, —NR 3 —, —O—, —S—, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 14 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 .

13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 0 is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 14 aromatic ring atoms, which in each case is optionally substituted by one or more radicals R 3 .

14. A process for preparing a compound of claim 1 , comprising introducing aryl, heteroaryl, diarylamino groups as substituents para to the O atom of a phenoxazine derivative by means of one or more transition metal-catalysed coupling reactions.

15. An oligomer, polymer, or dendrimer comprising one or more compounds of claim 1 , wherein the bond(s) to the polymer, oligomer, or dendrimer are optionally localised at any desired positions in formula (1) substituted by R or R 2 .

16. A formulation comprising at least one compound of claim 1 and at least one solvent.

17. A formulation comprising at least one polymer, oligomer, or dendrimer of claim 15 and at least one solvent.

18. An electronic device comprising at least one compound of claim 1 .

19. An electronic device comprising at least one polymer, oligomer, or dendrimer of claim 15 .

20. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of organic integrated circuits, organic field-effect transistors, organic thin-film transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic solar cells, organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field-quench devices, light-emitting electrochemical cells, organic laser diodes, and organic electroluminescent devices.

21. The electronic device of claim 19 , wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of organic integrated circuits, organic field-effect transistors, organic thin-film transistors, organic light-emitting transistors, organic solar cells, organic optical detectors, organic photoreceptors, organic field-quench devices, light-emitting electrochemical cells, organic laser diodes, and organic electroluminescent devices.

22. The electronic device of claim 18 , wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices, wherein the compound is employed in one or more of the following functions:

as a blue emitter in an emitting layer;

as a hole-transport material in a hole-transport or hole-injection layer;

as a matrix material in an emitting layer;

as an electron-blocking material; and/or

as an exciton-blocking material.

23. The electronic device of claim 19 , wherein the electronic device is selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent devices, wherein the polymer, oligomer, or dendrimer is employed in one or more of the following functions:

as a blue emitter in an emitting layer;

as a hole-transport material in a hole-transport or hole-injection layer;

as a matrix material in an emitting layer;

as an electron-blocking material; and/or

as an exciton-blocking material.