Multi-beam phased antenna structure and controlling method thereof
A multi-beam phased antenna structure and a controlling method are provided. The multi-beam phased antenna structure includes a main antenna array and a passive beam forming circuit. The main antenna array includes a plurality of first main antennas and a plurality of second main antennas. The first main antennas are spaced out a predetermined distance. The predetermined distance is related to a coverage of the multi-beam phased antenna structure. The first main antennas and the second main antennas are interleaved. The second main antennas are spaced out the predetermined distance. The passive beam forming circuit includes a plurality of main phase shifters. The main phase shifters are electrically coupled to the second main antennas, such that a difference between a first phase of each of the first main antennas and a second phase of each of the second main antennas is substantially 180°.
1. A multi-beam phased antenna structure, comprising:
a main antenna array, including:
a plurality of first main antennas, wherein the first main antennas are spaced out a predetermined distance, and the predetermined distance is related to a coverage of the multi-beam phased antenna structure;
a plurality of second main antennas, wherein the first main antennas and the second main antennas are interleaved, and the second main antennas are spaced out the predetermined distance; and
a passive beam forming circuit, including:
a plurality of main phase shifters, wherein a plurality of output ends of all of the main phase shifters are electrically coupled to the second main antennas and are not electrically coupled to the first main antennas, such that a difference between a first phase of each of the first main antennas and a second phase of each of the second main antennas is substantially 180°;
a first butler matrix, electrically coupled to the first main antennas; and
a second butler matrix, electrically coupled between the main phase shifters and the second main antennas.
2. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 1 , wherein passive beam forming circuit further includes:
a plurality of equal power dividers, wherein each of the equal power dividers is electrically coupled to the first butler matrix and one of the main phase shifters.
3. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 1 , wherein a quantity of the first main antennas is N, and the first butler matrix is a N×N matrix.
4. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 1 , wherein a quantity of the first main antennas is equal to a quantity of the second main antennas.
5. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 1 , further comprising:
two auxiliary antenna arrays, disposed at two sides of the main antenna array.
6. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 5 , wherein the auxiliary antenna arrays include:
a plurality of first auxiliary antennas; and
a plurality of second auxiliary antennas, wherein the first auxiliary antennas and the second auxiliary antennas are interleaved.
7. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 6 , wherein one of the first auxiliary antennas is adjacent to one of the second main antennas, and one of the second auxiliary antennas is adjacent to one of the first main antennas.
8. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 6 , wherein each of the first auxiliary antennas is electrically coupled to one of the first main antennas, and each of the second auxiliary antennas is electrically coupled to one of the second main antennas.
9. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 6 , wherein the passive beam forming circuit further includes:
a plurality of auxiliary phase shifters, electrically coupled to the first auxiliary antennas and the second auxiliary antennas.
10. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 6 , wherein the passive beam forming circuit further includes:
a plurality of unequal power dividers, wherein each of the unequal power dividers is electrically coupled between one of the first auxiliary antennas and one of the first main antennas, or electrically coupled between one of the second auxiliary antennas and one of the second main antennas.
11. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 10 , wherein a power provided to the first main antennas, the second main antennas, the first auxiliary antennas and the second auxiliary antennas is decreased from a center of the main antenna array to two terminals of the auxiliary antenna arrays.
12. A multi-beam phased antenna structure, comprising:
a main antenna array, including:
a plurality of first main antennas; and
a plurality of second main antennas, wherein the first main antennas and the second main antennas are interleaved;
two auxiliary antenna arrays, disposed at two sides of the main antenna array, wherein a plurality of unequal power dividers are connected to the main antenna array and the auxiliary antenna arrays, each of the unequal power dividers is connected to the main antenna array and one of the auxiliary antenna arrays; and
a passive beam forming circuit, including:
a plurality of main phase shifters;
a first butler matrix, electrically coupled to the first main antennas; and
a second butler matrix, electrically coupled between the main phase shifters and the second main antennas.
13. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 12 , wherein the auxiliary antenna arrays include:
a plurality of first auxiliary antennas; and
a plurality of second auxiliary antennas, wherein the first auxiliary antennas and the second auxiliary antennas are interleaved.
14. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 13 , wherein one of the first auxiliary antennas is adjacent to one of the second main antennas, and one of the second auxiliary antennas is adjacent to one of the first main antennas.
15. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 13 , wherein each of the first auxiliary antennas is electrically coupled to one of the first main antennas, and each of the second auxiliary antennas is electrically coupled to one of the second main antennas.
16. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 13 ,
wherein the passive beam forming circuit further comprises:
a plurality of auxiliary phase shifters, electrically coupled to the first auxiliary antennas and the second auxiliary antennas.
17. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 16 , wherein the passive beam forming circuit further includes:
the unequal power dividers, wherein each of the unequal power dividers is electrically coupled between one of the first main antennas and one of the first auxiliary antennas, or electrically coupled between one of the second main antennas and one of the second auxiliary antennas.
18. The multi-beam phased antenna structure according to claim 17 , wherein a power provided to the first main antennas, the second main antennas, the first auxiliary antennas and the second auxiliary antennas is decreased from a center of the main antenna array to two terminals of the auxiliary antenna arrays.
19. A controlling method of a multi-beam phased antenna structure, wherein the multi-beam phased antenna structure at least includes a main antenna array and a passive beam forming circuit, the main antenna array includes a plurality of first main antennas and a plurality of second main antennas, the first main antennas are spaced out a predetermined distance, the predetermined distance is related to a coverage of the multi-beam phased antenna structure, the first main antennas and the second main antennas are interleaved, the second main antennas are spaced out the predetermined distance, the passive beam forming circuit includes a plurality of main phase shifters, a first butler matrix, and a second butler matrix, the first butler matrix is electrically coupled to the first main antennas, the second butler matrix is electrically coupled between the main phase shifters and the second main antennas, and the controlling method comprises:
providing a power to the first main antennas and the second main antennas; and
shifting the power provided to the second main antennas, such that a difference between a first phase of each of the first main antennas and a second phase of each of the second main antennas is substantially 180°, wherein a plurality of output ends of all of a plurality of main phase shifters are electrically coupled to the second main antennas and are not electrically coupled to the first main antennas.