Flowline saturation pressure measurements
A method for sampling a downhole formation fluid includes pumping formation fluid into the flowline of a downhole sampling tool. The method can also include measuring a saturation pressure of the formation fluid in the flowline while pumping. The method can also include adjusting the pumping rate such that the fluid pressure in the flowline remains within a predetermined threshold above the measured saturation pressure.
1. A downhole formation fluid sampling tool comprising:
a fluid flowline deployed between a fluid inlet probe and a pump; and
a fluid phase sensor deployed in the fluid flowline, the fluid phase sensor including a temperature sensor and at least one of a heating element and a cooling element deployed on a substrate; and
a controller configured to:
(i) cause the pump to pump formation fluid through the flowline;
(ii) cause the heating element to heat the formation fluid in the flowline or cause the cooling element to cool the formation fluid in the flowline while pumping in (i);
(iii) cause the temperature sensor to measure a temperature of the formation fluid in the flowline while heating or cooling in (ii);
(iv) evaluate said temperature measurements in (iii) to determine a temperature indicative of bubble formation or dew formation in the flowline;
(v) process a flowline pressure, a reference temperature, the temperature indicative of bubble formation or dew formation, and a formation fluid model to compute a saturation pressure of the formation fluid at the reference temperature; and
(vi) adjust a rate of pumping in (i) such that a fluid pressure in the flowline remains within a predetermined threshold above the saturation pressure computed in (v).
2. The tool of claim 1 , further comprising a reference temperature sensor deployed in the fluid flowline upstream of the fluid phase sensor.
3. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a diamond substrate.
4. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the cooling element comprises a thermoelectric cooling element deployed on an external surface of the substrate.
5. The tool of claim 4 , further comprising a heat sink deployed on an external surface of the thermoelectric cooling element.
6. The tool of claim 1 , comprising both a heating element and cooling element deployed on the substrate.
7. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:
determine a saturation pressure of the formation fluid in the flowline while pumping in, and adjust a rate of pumping in (i) such that a fluid pressure in the flowline remains within a predetermined threshold above the determined saturation pressure.
8. A downhole formation fluid sampling tool comprising:
a fluid flowline deployed between a fluid inlet probe and a pump;
a fluid phase sensor deployed in the fluid flowline, the fluid phase sensor including a temperature sensor and at least one of a heating element and a cooling element deployed on a substrate; and
a controller configured to:
(i) cause the pump to pump formation fluid through the flowline;
(ii) cause a fluid analysis module to identify the formation fluid as a gas condensate or a liquid;
(iii) cause the heating element to heat the formation fluid in the flowline when the formation fluid is identified as a liquid or cause the cooling element to cool the formation fluid in the flowline when the formation fluid is identified as a gas condensate;
(iv) cause the temperature sensor to measure a temperature of the formation fluid in the flowline while heating or cooling in (iii);
(v) evaluate said temperature measurements in (iv) to determine a temperature indicative of bubble formation or dew formation in the flowline;
(vi) process a flowline pressure, a reference temperature, the temperature indicative of bubble formation or dew formation, and a formation fluid model to compute a saturation pressure of the formation fluid at the reference temperature; and
(vii) adjust a rate of pumping in (i) such that a fluid pressure in the flowline remains within a predetermined threshold above the saturation pressure computed in (vi).