EL element, EL element substrate, lighting device, display device, and liquid crystal display device

1. An EL element, comprising:

an EL light-emitting structure including a transparent electrode, a light-emitting layer on the transparent electrode, and a counter electrode on the light-emitting layer;

a translucent substrate through which a light generated from the light-emitting layer is emitted to outside; and

a light scattering layer positioned between the EL light-emitting structure and the translucent substrate, the light scattering layer having a first surface on a side of the transparent electrode and a second surface on a side of the translucent substrate,

wherein the light scattering layer includes a first light scattering layer comprising a plurality of first light scattering particles, and a second light scattering layer formed on the first light scattering layer and comprising a plurality of second light scattering particles such that the plurality of first light scattering particles forms a plurality of agglomerates and the first surface having a concavo-convex shape, that the plurality of second light scattering particles is positioned in order along the second surface and forms a layered arrangement portion at the second surface that is smoother than the first surface having the concavo-convex shape, and that the light scattering layer scatters incident light entering from the first light scattering layer and reflects incident light entering from the second light scattering layer.

2. The EL element of claim 1 , further comprising:

a joint layer on a surface of the translucent substrate on a side of the light scattering layer; and

a base material which is positioned on the joint layer and has translucency,

wherein the base material faces the second surface of the light scattering layer.

3. The EL element of claim 1 , further comprising:

an optical sheet positioned on a surface of the translucent substrate and having a surface that includes a portion having a concavo-convex shape,

wherein the translucent substrate has a surface which faces the second surface of the light scattering layer and is opposite to the surface on which the optical sheet is positioned.

4. The EL element of claim 1 , wherein the second light scattering particles have an average particle size smaller than an average particle size of the first light scattering particles in the light scattering layer.

5. A display device, comprising:

the EL element of claim 1 ,

wherein the EL light-emitting structure of the EL element has a plurality of pixels capable of being independently driven.

6. A liquid crystal display device, comprising:

an image display element including a liquid crystal; and

the EL element of claim 1 positioned on a surface of the image display element.

7. The EL element of claim 1 , wherein the second light scattering particles have a density higher than a density of the first light scattering particles in the light scattering layer.

8. The EL element of claim 7 , wherein the second light scattering particles have an average particle size smaller than an average particle size of the first light scattering particles in the light scattering layer.

9. A lighting device, comprising:

the EL element of claim 1 .

10. A liquid crystal display device, comprising:

an image display element including a liquid crystal; and

the lighting device of claim 9 positioned on a surface of the image display element.

11. The EL element of claim 1 , further comprising:

a smoothing layer between the light scattering layer and the transparent electrode,

wherein the smoothing layer has light transmissivity and covers the concavo-convex shape of the first surface.

12. The EL element of claim 11 , further comprising:

a joint layer on a surface of the translucent substrate on a side of the light scattering layer; and

a base material which is positioned on the joint layer and has translucency,

wherein the base material faces the second surface of the light scattering layer.

13. The EL element of claim 11 , further comprising:

an optical sheet positioned on a surface of the translucent substrate and having a surface that includes a portion having a concavo-convex shape,

wherein the translucent substrate has a surface which faces the second surface of the light scattering layer and is opposite to the surface on which the optical sheet is positioned.

14. The EL element of claim 11 , wherein the second light scattering particles have an average particle size smaller than an average particle size of the first light scattering particles in the light scattering layer.

15. A display device, comprising:

the EL element of claim 11 ,

wherein the EL light-emitting structure of the EL element has a plurality of pixels capable of being independently driven.

16. A liquid crystal display device, comprising:

an image display element including a liquid crystal; and

the EL element of claim 11 positioned on a surface of the image display element.

17. The EL element of claim 11 , wherein the second light scattering particles have a density higher than a density of the first light scattering particles in the light scattering layer.

18. The EL element of claim 17 , wherein the second light scattering particles have an average particle size smaller than an average particle size of the first light scattering particles in the light scattering layer.

19. A lighting device, comprising:

the EL element of claim 11 .

20. A liquid crystal display device, comprising:

an image display element including a liquid crystal; and

the lighting device of claim 19 positioned on a surface of the image display element.