Devices, systems, and methods
Devices systems and methods are disclosed. Among other things, the devices systems and methods can facilitate ergonomic gripping of a handle; conform to the shape of a wrist; enhance golf techniques or performance; enhance racket sport technique or performance; protect a head of a user engaged in contact sports or other hazardous activities; identify concussions, in some cases in substantially real time; provide sterilization of garments; control surgical robots; allow for medical treatment of multiple subjects without disrobing; provide biometric or other data; and/or be used to train muscles or body parts for, for example, performing specified tasks using a body part.
1. A method of training a body part, the method comprising:
coupling a muscle stimulus generator to the body part, wherein the muscle stimulus generator is configured to generate a muscle activation stimulus and a muscle relaxation stimulus;
generating a muscle activation stimulus and a muscle relaxation stimulus using the generator, wherein the step of generating the muscle activation stimulus and the muscle relaxation stimulus comprises generating an alternating sequence of muscle activation stimuli and muscle relaxation stimuli; and
transmitting the generated alternating sequence of muscle activation stimuli and muscle relaxation stimuli to an agonist muscle and a corresponding antagonist muscle, respectively, of the body part to alternatingly i) activate the agonist muscle and relax the antagonist muscle and ii) relax the agonist muscle and activate the antagonist muscle.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step of generating the muscle activation stimulus and the muscle relaxation stimulus comprises sending programmed control instructions to the muscle stimulus generator.
3. A method as set forth in claim 2 , wherein the programmed control instructions are configured to control the muscle stimulus generator to generate a predefined muscle activation stimulus and a predefined muscle relation stimulus.
4. A method as set forth in claim 3 , wherein the step of transmitting the muscle activation stimulus to the agonist muscle and the muscle relaxation stimulus to the antagonist muscle activates the agonist muscle and relaxes the antagonist muscle to move the body part in a specified movement.
5. A method as set forth in claim 2 , further comprising recording a muscle activation sequence of another body part while performing a specified movement.
6. A method as set forth in claim 5 , further comprising programming the control instructions based on the recorded muscle activation sequence.
7. A method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said generating the muscle activation stimulus comprises generating a noxious stimulus.
8. A method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step of generating the muscle activation stimulus and the muscle relaxation stimulus comprises generating at least one of an electrical stimulus, a thermal stimulus, an optical stimulus, and a mechanical stimulus.
9. A method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step of transmitting the generated muscle activation stimulus and muscle relaxation stimulus comprises at least one of imparting TENS to the body part, imparting Russian stimulation to the body part, heating the body part, vibrating the body part, and imparting laser energy to the body part.
10. A method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising sensing a response of the body part to the transmitted muscle activation stimulus and muscle relation stimulus.
11. A method as set forth in claim 10 , wherein the step of sensing the response of the body part comprises sensing the response of the body part using one of a muscle stretch sensor, a motion sensor, an ultrasound sensor, and a camera.
12. A method as set forth in claim 10 , further comprising adjusting at least one of the muscle activation stimulus and the muscle relaxation stimulus based on the sensed response of the body part.
13. A method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the body part comprises a stump and wherein the step of transmitting the generated muscle activation stimulus and muscle relaxation stimulus causes the stump to perform a movement configured to control a robotic prosthetic limb.
14. A method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising periodically repeating the steps of generating and transmitting the muscle activation stimulus and muscle relaxation stimulus over a period of at least two weeks to train muscle memory.
15. A method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the step of coupling a muscle stimulus generator to the body part comprises attaching a muscle activation stimulus transmitter to the body part, the muscle activation stimulus transmitter being configured to transmit the generated muscle activation stimulus to the muscle during the transmitting step.
16. A method as set forth in claim 15 , wherein the step of attaching the muscle activation stimulus transmitter to the body part comprises securing a patch to the body part.
17. A method as set forth in claim 16 , wherein by the step of securing the patch, at least one of the following steps is also performed:
connecting a body part sensor to the body part;
mounting the muscle stimulus generator on the body part; and
mounting a power supply on the body part.
18. A muscle activation system comprising;
a stimulation generator configured to generate a muscle activation stimulus and a muscle relaxation stimulus;
a plurality of stimulation transmitters operatively connected to the stimulation generator and configured to transmit the muscle activation stimulus and the muscle relaxation stimulus from the stimulation generator to respective muscles of a subject; and
a controller configured to control the generator to generate an alternating sequence of muscle activation stimuli and muscle relaxation stimuli;
wherein the stimulation transmitters are configured to transmit the predefined sequence of muscle activation stimuli and muscle relaxation stimuli to an agonist muscle and a corresponding antagonist muscle, respectively, of the body part to alternatingly i) activate the agonist muscle and relax the antagonist muscle and ii) relax the agonist muscle and activate the antagonist muscle.