Mixed anion cesium rare earth silicates
Scintillating compounds, methods of synthesizing scintillating compounds, and applications of scintillating compounds are disclosed. The scintillating compounds can include cesium rare earth silicates. A scintillating compound can include cesium, silicon, oxygen, fluorine, and one or more of europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium and scandium. The scintillating compounds can form unit cells having the general formula Cs 3 RESi 4 O 10 F 2 with RE including rare earth metals, lanthanides, and transition metals.
1. A scintillating compound having the formula:
Cs 3 RESi 4 O 10 F 2 ; wherein
RE comprises europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, yttrium or a combination thereof.
2. The scintillating compound of claim 1 , wherein RE includes a mixture of yttrium and europium.
3. The scintillating compound of claim 2 , wherein RE includes from about 90.0 mol % yttrium to about 99.9 mol % yttrium and from about 0.1 mol % europium to about 10 mol % europium.
4. The scintillating compound of claim 1 , wherein RE includes a mixture of yttrium and terbium.
5. The scintillating compound of claim 4 , wherein RE includes from about 80.0 mol % yttrium to about 99.9 mol % yttrium and from about 0.1 mol % terbium to about 20 mol % terbium.
6. The scintillating compound of claim 1 , wherein RE includes a mixture of gadolinium and europium.
7. The scintillating compound of claim 6 , wherein RE includes from about 90.0 mol % gadolinium to about 99.9 mol % gadolinium and from about 0.1 mol % europium to about 10 mol % europium.
8. The scintillating compound of claim 1 , wherein RE includes a mixture of gadolinium and terbium.
9. The scintillating compound of claim 8 , wherein RE includes from about 80.0 mol % gadolinium to about 99.9 mol % gadolinium and from about 0.1 mol % terbium to about 20 mol % terbium.
10. The scintillating compound of claim 1 , wherein RE includes a mixture of lutetium and europium.
11. The scintillating compound of claim 10 , wherein RE includes from about 90.0 mol % lutetium to about 99.9mol % lutetium and from about 0.1 mol % europium to about 10 mol % europium.
12. The scintillating compound of claim 1 , wherein RE includes a mixture of lutetium and terbium.
13. The scintillating compound of claim 12 , wherein RE includes from about 80.0 mol % lutetium to about 99.9 mol % lutetium and from about 0.1 mol % terbium to about 10 mol % terbium.
14. A method for synthesizing a scintillating compound having the formula: Cs 3 RESi 4 O 10 F 2 , wherein RE comprises europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium, scandium, or a combination thereof, the method comprising:
layering a mixture of REF 3 and SiO 2 beneath a mixture of CsF and CsCl;
heating the REF 3 , SiO 2 , CsF, and CsCl;
cooling the REF 3 , SiO 2 , CsF, and CsCl; and
collecting the Cs 3 RESi 4 O 10 F 2 compound.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the REF 3 , SiO 2 , CsF, and CsCl are heated to a temperature of from about 500° C. to about 1200° C.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the REF 3 , SiO 2 , CsF, and CsCl are slow cooled after heating at a rate of from about 1° C./h to about 20° C./h.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the REF 3 , SiO 2 , CsF, and CsCl are slow cooled to a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 500° C. and then allowed to rapidly cool to room temperature at a rate of from about 30° C./h to about 300° C./h.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the REF 3 , SiO 2 , CsF, and CsCl are maintained at the temperature of from about 500° C. to about 1200° C. for a period of from about 6 hours to about 24 hours.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the REF 3 includes a mixture of YF 3 and EuF 3 .