Method and systems for transporting bitumen in solidified form
A solid bitumen pellet, including a mixture of bitumen and an additive, where the additive operates to increase the viscosity of the mixture. Optionally, the pellet includes a protective shell.
1. A solid pellet comprising a shell enclosing a core,
the core including crude oil refinery feedstock which is suitable for use as a feedstock to an oil refinery to separate into constituents that can be used as fuels, lubricants and feedstocks in petrochemical processes,
wherein the shell constitutes a leak proof barrier configured to prevent one or more of the constituents of the crude oil from which a fuel can be derived by a refining process at the oil refinery from oozing out of the pellet, and wherein the pellet when subjected to a crush-resistance test, manifests a probability of failure per pellet that does not exceed 0.25 when the height of the load of pellets is of 1 meter.
2. The solid pellet according to claim 1 , wherein the shell includes a material that is separable from the core such that the crude oil refinery feedstock maintains compatibility with the oil refinery to allow separation of the crude oil refinery feedstock into said constituents.
3. The solid pellet according to claim 2 , wherein the pellet when subjected to a crush-resistance test, manifests a probability of failure per pellet that does not exceed 0.25 when the height of the load of pellets is of 5 meters.
4. The solid pellet according to claim 2 , wherein the pellet when subjected to a crush-resistance test, manifests a probability of failure per pellet that does not exceed 0.25 when the height of the load of pellets is of 10 meters.
5. The solid pellet according to claim 2 , wherein the pellet when subjected to a crush-resistance test, manifests a probability of failure per pellet that does not exceed 0.25 when the height of the load of pellets is of 20 meters.
6. The solid pellet according to claim 2 , wherein the pellet when subjected to a crush-resistance test, manifests a probability of failure per pellet that does not exceed 0.25 when the height of the load of pellets is of 30 meters.
7. The solid pellet according to claim 1 , wherein the shell has a thickness of less than 5 mm.
8. The solid pellet according to claim 7 , wherein the shell has a thickness within the range of from about 10 μm to about 4.5 mm.
9. The solid pellet according to claim 7 , wherein the shell has a thickness within the range of from about 20 μm to about 3 mm.
10. The solid pellet according to claim 1 , the shell having a general shape selected from spherical, lozenge-like, cylindrical, discoidal, tabular, ellipsoidal, flaky, acicular, ovoid, pillow shaped and any combinations thereof.
11. The solid pellet according to claim 1 , having a maximal extent of less than 12 inches.
12. The solid pellet according to claim 11 , having a maximal extent of less than 5 inches.
13. The solid pellet according to claim 11 , having a maximal extent of less than 3 inches.
14. The solid pellet according to claim 11 , having a maximal extent of less than 2 inches.
15. The solid pellet according to claim 1 , wherein the shell includes a hydrocarbonaceous polymer having a melting point temperature within the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.
16. The solid pellet according to claim 15 , wherein the hydrocarbonaceous polymer includes a polyethylene.
17. The solid pellet according to claim 15 , wherein the hydrocarbonaceous polymer includes high density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate (PEVA) linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), or any combinations thereof.
18. The solid pellet according to claim 15 , wherein the hydrocarbonaceous polymer includes a cross-linked polyethylene.
19. The solid pellet according to claim 1 , wherein the shell is made by a blow-fill-seal process.