Methods of treating a poikilothermic organism in a decreasing temperature environment
View Patent ↗There is provided herein a method of treating a poikilothermic organism, such as marine bivalves, in a decreasing temperature environment which method comprises exposing the organism to a source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at temperatures of from 18° C. to about 12° C., and then exposing the organism to a source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at temperatures of from about 11° C. to about 5° C. There is also provided herein a method of just conducting the first or second exposing step without the other, and also a method of using a decrease in temperature to catalyze the organism to produce EPA and/or DHA and/or non-methylene-interrupted fatty acids (NMIs).
1. A method of treating a poikilothermic organism in a decreasing temperature environment comprising:
exposing the organism to a source of eicosapentaenoic acid in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from 30° C. to about 12° C., and
exposing the organism to a source of docosahexaenoic acid in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from about 11.9° C. to about 0° C. and wherein the mortality of the poikilothermic organisms is reduced compared to the mortality of identical poikilothermic organisms which are not exposed to a source of eicosapentaenoic acid in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from 30° C. to about 12° C. and docosahexaenoic acid in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from about 11.9° C. to about 0° C.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the poikilothermic organism is a marine organism.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the poikilothermic organism is a marine bivalve organism.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the poikilothermic organism is any one of a clam, a mussel, an oyster, a scallop.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the decreasing temperature environment occurs from a transition from fall to winter in the northern hemisphere.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the decreasing temperature environment is a decreasing sea water temperature environment decreasing from 40° C. down to −1.0° C.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the source of eicosapentaenoic acid is an algae containing the eicosapentaenoic acid in a molar amount greater than 10% total composition of the algal fatty acids.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the algae is Thalassiosira weissflogii.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the source of docosahexaenoic acid is an algae containing the docosahexaenoic acid in a molar amount greater than 10% total composition of the algal fatty acids.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the algae is selected from the group consisting of Isochrysis galbana, Prorocenturm minimum and combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 7 wherein during the step of exposing the organism to a source of eicosapentaenoic acid the organism is exposed to no more than 4% docosahexaenoic acid of total composition of fatty acids.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein during the step of exposing the organism to a source of docosahexaenoic acid the organism is exposed to no more than 4% eicosapentaenoic acid of total composition of fatty acids.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein following and/or during the second exposing step the organism is stored at a temperature of from 2 to 4° C. for a period of from about 1 day to about 3 months.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the method occurs in a sea water environment with a level of dissolved oxygen of from about 5 mg/L to about 7 mg/L.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the method occurs in a sea water environment with a sum level of eicosapentaenoic acid and any non-methylene interrupted fatty acids of greater than 10% total molar composition of fatty acids in the sea water environment.
16. A method of treating a poikilothermic organism in a decreasing temperature environment comprising exposing the organism to a source of eicosapentaenoic acid at temperatures of from 25° C. to about 12° C. or, exposing the organism to a source of docosahexaenoic acid at temperatures of from about 11.9° C. to about 5° C.
17. A method of treating a poikilothermic organism comprising exposing the organism to a rate of temperature decrease which provides for an increase in the rate of production of eicosapentaenoic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid and/or non-methylene interrupted fatty acids.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the poikilothermic organism is selected from the group consisting of fish, shrimp and crabs.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the poikilothermic organism is a fish.
20. A method of treating a poikilothermic organism in a decreasing temperature environment consisting of:
exposing the organism to an algae containing the eicosapentaenoic acid in a molar amount greater than 10% total composition of the algal fatty acids in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from 30° C. to about 12° C. and wherein the organism is exposed to no more than 4% docosahexaenoic acid of total composition of fatty acids in this step, and
exposing the organism to an algae containing the docosahexaenoic acid in a molar amount greater than 10% total composition of the algal fatty acids in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from about 11.9° C. to about 5° C. and wherein the organism is exposed to no more than 4% eicosapentaenoic acid of total composition of fatty acid in this step, and wherein the mortality of the poikilothermic organisms is reduced compared to the mortality of identical poikilothermic organisms which are not exposed to a source of eicosapentaenoic acid in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from 30° C. to about 12° C. and docosahexaenoic acid in a decreasing temperature environment which is decreasing in temperature from about 11.9° C. to about 0° C.