Transgenic plants with engineered redox sensitive modulation of photosynthetic antenna complex pigments and methods for making the same
Embodiments of the present invention provide for a transgenic plan, methods of making and DNA constructs for use in the transgenic plant which transgenic plant is capable of modulating its photosynthetic antenna complex composition in response to increases or decreases in light intensity by modulation of the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b such that there is an increase in the Chl a/b ratio at high light intensity and a decrease in the Chl a/b ratio at low light intensity versus wild-type plants grown in the same conditions.
1. A genetically modified plant wherein a native chlorophyll a oxidase gene (Cao) has suppressed Cao expression in the modified plant and the genetically modified plant is capable of modulating its photosynthetic antenna complex composition in response to increases or decreases in light intensity by modulation of the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (Chl a/b) such that there is an increase in the Chl a/b ratio of the antenna complex composition in the upper canopy (high light intensity) versus a Chl a/b ratio in an antenna complex composition in an upper canopy of wildtype plants grown in the same conditions and a decrease in the Chl a/b ratio in a lower canopy (low light intensity) of the genetically modified plant as compared to the Chl a/b ratio in the upper canopy of the genetically modified plant wherein the genetically modified plant comprises a DNA construct comprising a heterologous expression control sequence operatively linked to a polynucleotide sequence encoding a chlorophyll a oxidase, and wherein the expression control sequence interacts with a redox-sensitive modulator responsive to changes in ambient light intensity, wherein the redox-sensitive modulator is chosen from NAB1, GCD2, and GLD-1.
2. The genetically modified plant of claim 1 , wherein the native chlorophyll a oxidase gene is disrupted using a procedure chosen from CRISPR/Cas 9 mediated genome editing, TALEN-mediated gene disruption, chemical mutagenesis coupled with TILING, insertional mutagenesis coupled with PCR screening for insertion events in the native chlorophyll a oxidase gene, gene disruption by RNA interference (RNAi).
3. The genetically modified plant of claim 1 , wherein the heterologous expression control sequences comprise a cold-shock domain sequence motif.
4. The genetically modified plant of claim 3 , wherein the cold shock domain sequence motif is operatively linked to a promoter.
5. The genetically modified plant of claim 4 , wherein the promoter is chosen from the group consisting of psaD, actin, ubiquitin, β-tublin, PR-1a, and 35S.
6. The genetically modified plant of claim 1 , wherein the DNA construct includes a reverse compliment of the polynucleotide sequence encoding a chlorophyll a oxidase fragment and the expression controlled sequence is a tissue-specific promoter that is responsive to changes in ambient light intensity.
7. The genetically modified plant of claim 6 , wherein the tissue-specific promoter is CAB1 or RbcS.
8. The genetically modified plant of claim 1 wherein the genetically modified plant may be selected from the group consisting of millet, corn (maize), sorghum, barley, oats, rice, rye, teff, triticale, wheat, rice, wild rice, amaranth, beans, lentils, fava, lupin, peanuts, chickpeas, pigeon peas, soybeans, mustards, rape seed (canola), safflower, sunflower, flax, jatropha, hemp, Arabidopsis, Camelina , poppy, trees (poplar, willow, Eucalyptus , southern beech, sycamore, ash), Miscanthus , hemp, switchgrass, reed, canary grass, rye, giant reed, beets, sweet sorghum, sugar cane, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, olives, soybean, rapeseed, and corn.
9. The genetically modified plant of claim 8 , wherein the genetically modified plant is Camelina.
10. A method to produce a genetically modified plant wherein a native chlorophyll a oxidase gene (Cao) has suppressed Cao expression in the modified plant and the genetically modified plant is capable of modulating its Chl a/b ratio of an antenna complex in response to ambient sunlight comprising the steps of:
a) transforming a plant with a heterologous polynucleotide sequence comprising an expression control sequence operatively linked to a polynucleotide sequence encoding a chlorophyll a oxidase wherein the expression control sequence interacts with a redox-sensitive modulator responsive to changes in ambient light intensity, wherein the redox-sensitive modulator is chosen from NAB1, GCD2, and GLD-1, wherein the native Cao has suppressed Cao expression in the genetically modified plant; and
b) selecting the genetically modified plant that is capable of modulating the antenna size in response to changes in light intensity such that there is an increase in the Chl a/b ratio of the antenna complex composition in the upper canopy (high light intensity) versus a Chl a/b ratio in an antenna complex composition in an upper canopy of wild-type plants grown in the same conditions and a decrease in the Chl a/b ratio in a lower canopy (low light intensity) of the genetically modified plant as compared to the Chl a/b ratio in the upper canopy of the genetically modified plant.
11. A method to produce a genetically modified plant with the ability to modulate its Chl a/b ratio of an antenna complex in response to ambient sunlight comprising the steps of:
a) producing a genetically modified plant wherein an endogenous chlorophyll a oxidase gene (Cao) has suppressed Cao expression;
b) transforming the genetically modified plant with a heterologous polynucleotide sequence encoding for a modified chlorophyll a oxidase wherein expression of the modified chlorophyll a oxidase is controlled by changes in ambient light intensity wherein the expression control sequence interacts with a redox-sensitive modulator responsive to changes in ambient light intensity, wherein the redox-sensitive modulator is chosen from NAB1, GCD2, and GLD-1; and
c) selecting a genetically modified plant that is capable of modulating the antenna size in response to changes in light intensity such that there is an increase in the Chl a/b ratio of the antenna complex composition in the upper canopy (high light intensity) versus a Chl a/b ratio in an antenna complex composition in an upper canopy of wild-type plants grown in the same conditions and a decrease in the Chl a/b ratio in a lower canopy (low light intensity) of the genetically modified plant as compared to the Chl a/b ratio in the upper canopy of the genetically modified plant.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide sequence comprises a promoter operatively linked to a cold-shock domain consensus sequence.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the cold-shock domain sequence is chosen from the group consisting of: SEQ. ID. NO. 18-26.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide comprises a promoter operatively linked to the modified chlorophyll a oxidase chosen from psaD, actin, ubiquitin, β-tublin, 35S, and PR1-a.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the heterologous polynucleotide sequence comprises a tissue targeting sequence.