Three-dimensional electrode structure, and secondary battery including the same, and method of manufacturing the three-dimensional structure
A secondary battery including a first electrode structure; a second electrode structure spaced apart from the first electrode structure; and an electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure, wherein the first electrode structure includes: a current collector layer; and plurality of first active material plates electrically connected to the current collector layer, protruding from the current collector layer, and including a first active material, wherein each plate of the plurality of first active material plates has a width and a length greater than the width, and the plurality of first active material plates are spaced apart from one another in a widthwise direction and in a lengthwise direction, and wherein the electrolyte layer extends into gaps between the plurality of first active material plates along the lengthwise direction.
1. A secondary battery comprising:
a first electrode structure;
a second electrode structure spaced apart from the first electrode structure; and
an electrolyte layer disposed between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure,
wherein the first electrode structure comprises:
a current collector layer; and
a plurality of first active material plates electrically connected to the current collector layer, protruding from the current collector layer, and comprising a first active material,
wherein each first active material plate of the plurality of first active material plates has a width and a length greater than the width, and the plurality of first active material plates are spaced apart from one another in a widthwise direction and in a lengthwise direction, and
wherein the electrolyte layer extends into gaps between the plurality of first active material plates along the lengthwise direction.
2. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of first active material plates comprises a first plate and a second plate spaced apart from the first plate in the lengthwise direction,
the first plate has a first end surface facing the second plate, and the second plate has a second end surface facing the first end surface, and
the electrolyte layer covers at least a portion of each of the first end surface and the second end surface.
3. The secondary battery of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of first active material plates comprises a third plate spaced apart from the first plate in the widthwise direction,
the first plate has a first side surface facing the third plate, and the third plate has a second side surface facing the first side surface, and
the electrolyte layer covers at least a portion of each of the first side surface and the second side surface.
4. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode structure comprises a second active material member comprising a second active material, and
the second active material member extends between the first plurality of plates along the widthwise direction and between the first plurality of active material plates along the lengthwise direction.
5. The secondary battery of claim 4 , wherein an empty space defined by outer surfaces of the second active material member is present between the plurality of first active material plates.
6. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode structure is a cathode, and
the second electrode structure is an anode.
7. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the width of each plate of the plurality of first active material plates is about 5 micrometers or greater.
8. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a height to the width of each plate of the first plurality of active material plates is about 4:1 or greater.
9. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein each plate of the plurality of first active material plates has a length greater than a height thereof.
10. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein a gap between the plurality of first active material plates in the widthwise direction has a distance which is 50% or greater of the width of each plate of the plurality of first active material plates.
11. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein a gap between the plurality of first active material plates in the lengthwise direction has a distance which is 50% or greater of the width of each plate of the plurality of first active material plates.
12. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein at least two plates of the plurality of first active material plates have lengths which are different from each other.
13. The secondary battery of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of first active material plates comprises a first group of plates, and a second group of plates spaced apart from the first group of plates in the lengthwise direction,
wherein the second group of plates are closer to an end portion of the first electrode structure in the lengthwise direction than the first group of plates, and
a length of each of each plate in the second group of plates is shorter than a length of each plate in the first group of plates.
14. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein each active material plate of the plurality of first active material plates comprises an inner current collector layer, and the inner current collector layer is electrically connected to the current collector layer.
15. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the current collector layer comprises a conductor-active material composite.
16. The secondary battery of claim 15 , wherein a content of an active material in the conductor-active material composite is about 30 volume percent or less based on a total volume of the conductor-active material composite.
17. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the second electrode structure comprises a plurality of second active material plates, and
the plurality of first active material plates and the plurality of second active material plates are alternately arranged.
18. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode structure, the electrolyte layer, and the second electrode structure constitute a battery cell, and the secondary battery comprises a plurality of cells which are stacked.
19. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the secondary battery is a lithium secondary battery.
20. The secondary battery of claim 1 , wherein the gaps between the plurality of first active material plates along the lengthwise direction are partially filled with the electrolyte layer and the second active material member.
21. A secondary battery comprising:
a first electrode structure;
a second electrode structure spaced apart from the first electrode structure; and
an electrolyte layer between the first electrode structure and the second electrode structure,
wherein the first electrode structure comprises:
a current collector layer; and
a plurality of active material plates electrically connected to the current collector layer, protruding from the current collector layer, and comprising an active material,
wherein each active material plate of the plurality of active material plates has a width and a length greater than the width, and the plurality of plates are spaced apart from one another in a widthwise direction and in a lengthwise direction, and
wherein the second electrode structure extends between the plurality of active material plates along the widthwise direction and between the plurality of active material plates along the lengthwise direction.
22. The secondary battery of claim 21 , wherein the plurality of active material plates comprises a first plate and a second plate spaced apart from the first plate in the lengthwise direction,
the first plate has a first end surface facing the second plate, and the second plate has a second end surface facing the first end surface, and
the second electrode structure covers at least a portion of each of the first end surface and the second end surface.
23. The secondary battery of claim 21 , wherein the electrolyte layer extends between the plurality of active material plates along the widthwise direction and between the plurality of active material plates along the lengthwise direction.