Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating cardiovascular diseases
Provided herein is a pharmaceutical composition comprising two or more compounds, wherein each compound is independently a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, an adenosine receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker, a histamine H 1 -receptor agonist, a histamine H 2 -receptor agonist, a histamine H 3 -receptor antagonist, or a β 2 -adrenoreceptor agonist. Also provided herein is a method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating a cardiovascular disease in a subject, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof two or more compounds, wherein each compound is independently a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, an adenosine receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker, a histamine H 1 -receptor agonist, a histamine H 2 -receptor agonist, a histamine H 3 -receptor antagonist, or a β 2 -adrenoreceptor agonist.
1. A method of treating or ameliorating bradycardia in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition comprising:
(i) theophylline or aminophylline 3.2-192 mg/dose;
(ii) nifedipine 0.16-38.4 mg/dose;
(iii) betahistine 0.4-120 mg/dose;
(iv) levalbuterol or albuterol 0.03-9 mg/dose; and
(v) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient; and
wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated in a dosage form for oral, intravenous, intramuscular administration.
2. A method of treating or ameliorating bradycardia in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject in need thereof a therapeutic effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition comprising:
(a) any three compounds, wherein each compound is independently
(i) theophylline or aminophylline 3.2-192 mg/dose;
(ii) a nifedipine 0.16-38.4 mg/dose;
(iii) betahistine or a metabolite thereof 0.4-120 mg/dose;
(iv) levalbuterol or albuterol 0.03-9 mg/dose; and
(v) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient; and
wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated in a liquid or solid dosage form for oral, intravenous, intramuscular administration.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of theophylline or aminophylline administered comprises from about 9.6 to about 576 mg per day.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of nifedipine administered comprises from about 0.48 to about 115.2 mg per day.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of betahistine administered comprises from about 1.2 to about 360 mg per day.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of levalbuterol or albuterol administered comprises from 0.09 to about 27 mg per day.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as a liquid dosage form, or semiliquid dosage form, or a solid dosage form of tablets or capsules.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for multiple-dose per day by an immediate release, or two-dose per day by a controlled release, or single dose per day by a modified or extended-release.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method increases heart rate and/or cardiac output, and/or cerebral blood flow in a subject comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition of (i) theophylline or aminophylline, (ii) nifedipine, (iii) betahistine, (iv) levalbuterol or albuterol, and (v) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient; and wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated in a dosage form for oral, or intravenous, or intramuscular administration.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cardiovascular disease is bradycardia, chronic bradycardia (heart rate <60 beats per minute), that is caused by the sickness of either sinus, or atrial, or ventricular, or atrioventricular block.