Dynamic high-speed high-sensitivity imaging device and imaging method
View Patent ↗Any one or both of an optical system with a structured lighting pattern and a structured detecting system having a plurality of regions with different optical characteristics are used. In addition, optical signals from an object to be observed through one or a small number of pixel detectors are detected while changing relative positions between the object to be observed and any one of the optical system and the detecting system, time series signal information of the optical signals are obtained, and an image associated with an object to be observed from the time series signal information is reconstructed.
1. A method for generating one or more time-independent images corresponding to an object, comprising:
(a) providing a structured optical pattern comprising a plurality of regions with different optical characteristics and a detector comprising at least a single pixel, wherein said detector is in optical communication with at least said structured optical pattern comprising a plurality of regions with different optical characteristics;
(b) using said detector to collect optical signals from said object through at least said structured optical pattern while said object is undergoing a change in relative position with respect to said structured optical pattern;
(c) using said optical signals to generate time series signal data of temporal change in intensity signals generated while said object is undergoing said change in relative position with respect to said structured optical pattern; and
(d) transforming said time series signal data to generate said one or more time-independent images corresponding to said object.
2. A device for generating one or more time-independent images corresponding to an object, comprising:
a structured optical pattern comprising a plurality of regions with different optical characteristics;
a detector comprising at least a single pixel in optical communication with at least said structured optical pattern, wherein said detector is configured to collect optical signals from said object through at least said structured optical pattern while said object is undergoing a change in relative position with respect to said structured optical pattern; and
an image reconstructing unit configured to (i) use said optical signals to generate time series signal data of temporal change in intensity signals genereated while said object is undergoing said change in relative position with respect to said structured optical patterns, and (ii) transform said time series signal data to generate said one or more time-independent images corresponding to said object.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein said optical signals comprise one or more members selected from the group consisting of fluorescence, emitted light, transmitted light, and reflected light.
4. The device of claim 2 , wherein said optical characteristics comprise one or more members selected from the group consisting of a light intensity, a light wavelength, and a light polarization.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to (b), irradiating said object with light.
6. The method of claim 1 , whereing (d) comprises generating said one or more time-independent images based at least in part on prior knowledge of said optical characteristics of each region of said plurality of regions.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein (d) comprises generating said one or more time-independent imagees by separating said prior knowledge of said optical characteristics from said time series signal data.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said time series signal data comprises a linear superposition of a plurality of partical time series signal data, each partial time series signal data associated with a portion of said object and comprising a value of partial image information associated with said portion weighted in time by a subset of said plurality of optical characteristics, said subset comprising one or more optical characteristics associated with each region of said plurality of regions by which said portion passed during said change in relative position with respect to said structured optical pattern.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein (d) comprises, for each portion of said object, extracting said value associated with said portion.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said extracting comprises using a matrix to extract said value.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein said value comprises a fluorescence intensity emitted by said portion of said object.
12. The device of claim 2 , further comprising a light source configured to irradiate said object with light.
13. The device of claim 2 , wherein said image reconstructiong unit is configured to generate said one or more time-independent images based at least in part on prior knowledge of said optical characteristics of each region of said plurality of regions.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein said image reconstructing unit is configured to generate said one or more time-independent images by separating said prior knowledge of said optical characteristics from said time series signal data.
15. The device of claim 14 , wherein said time series signal data comprises a linear superposition of a plurality of partial time series signal data, each partial time series signal data associated with a portion of said object and comprising a value of partial image information associated with said portion weighted in time by a subset of said plurality of optical characteristics, said subset comprising one or more opotical characteristics associated with each region of said plurality of regioins by which said portion passed during said change in relative position with respect to said structured optical pattern.
16. The device of claim 15 , wherein said image reconstruction unit is configured to, for each portion of said object, extract said value associated with said portion.
17. The device of claim 15 , wherein said value comprises a fluorescence intensity emitted by said portion of said object.
18. The device of claim 2 , further comprising a relative position control mechanism configured to change a postion of said objectd or a position of said structured optical pattern.
19. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern comprises one or more members selected from the group consisting of a plurality of regions having a first light intensity and a plurality of regions having a second light intensity different from said first light intensity, a plurality of regions divided in a lattice shape, a randomly distributed structured optical pattern, a plurality or regions through which light is not transmitted, and a binary light and dark modulation.
20. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern is generated by one or more members selected from the group consisting of a spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror deivce, an overhead projection sheet, and a film to which a substance that changes transparency is at least partially applied.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein said change in relative position of said object is provided by movement of said object.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein said structured optical pattern is separate from said detector.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein said structured optical pattern is part of said detector.
24. The method of claim 1 , wehrein said change in relative position of said object is provided by movement of said structured optical pattern.
25. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern is separate from said detector.
26. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern is part said detector.
27. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern is configured to move to thereby provide said change in relative position of said object with respect to said structured optical pattern.
28. The method of claim 1 , wherein said structured optical pattern is disordered.
29. The method of claim 1 , wherein, during said change in relative position of said object, each portion of a plurality of portions of said object passes by a subset of regions of said plurality of regions.
30. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern is disordered.
31. The device of claim 2 , wherein said structured optical pattern is configured such that during said change in relative position of said object, each portion of a plurality of portions of said object passes by a subset of regions of said plurality or regions.