Isothiocyanate functional compounds augmented with secondary antineoplastic medicaments and associated methods for treating neoplasms
A formulation, including: (a) a first medicament, wherein the first medicament includes an isothiocyanate functional compound/surfactant; and (b) a second medicament, wherein the second medicament includes an antineoplastic agent, such as a cytotoxic antineoplastic agent and/or a targeted antineoplastic agent.
1. A method for treating a benign neoplasm, an in situ neoplasm, a malignant neoplasm, and/or a neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior in a patient, comprising the steps of:
administering a medicament formulation to a patient having a benign neoplasm, an in situ neoplasm, a malignant neoplasm, and/or a neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior, wherein the medicament formulation comprises:
a first medicament, wherein the first medicament comprises an isothiocyanate functional surfactant; and
a second medicament, wherein the second medicament comprises an antineoplastic agent.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isothiocyanate functional surfactant comprises at least one isothiocyanate functional group associated with an aliphatic and/or aromatic carbon atom of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isothiocyanate functional surfactant comprises a lysine derivative, wherein the lysine derivative comprises an α-nitrogen and a ε-nitrogen, and wherein an alkyl and/or alkanoyl substituent comprising at least approximately 8 carbon atoms is associated with the α-nitrogen, and further wherein at least one isothiocyanate functional group is associated with the ε-nitrogen.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
wherein the protonated form of the surfactant comprises a non-polar moiety (NP) and a polar moiety (P), and wherein at least one isothiocyanate functional group (NCS) is associated with the polar and/or non-polar moiety.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the protonated form of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
wherein R 1 comprises an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 1 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s), wherein the carbon atom(s) may be a linking group to, or part of, a halogen, a N, O, and/or S containing moiety, and/or one or more functional groups comprising alcohols, esters, ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, and combinations thereof; a linkage to a dimer; a linkage to an oligomer; and/or a linkage to a polymer; wherein R 2 comprises NCS; and wherein R 3 -R 5 are the same or different and comprise H; OH; an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 1 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s), wherein the carbon atom(s) may be a linking group to, or part of, a halogen, a N, O, and/or S containing moiety, and/or one or more functional groups comprising alcohols, esters, ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, and combinations thereof; a linkage to a dimer; a linkage to an oligomer; and/or a linkage to a polymer with the proviso that at least one of R 3 -R 5 comprise an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 8 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s).
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the protonated form of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group containing 1 to 25 carbon atom(s); wherein R 2 is selected from the group consisting of NCS; and wherein R 3 -R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H; OH; and an alkyl, and alkanoyl group containing 1 to 25 carbon atom(s) with the proviso that at least one of R 3 -R 5 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, and alkanoyl, group containing 8 to 25 carbon atoms.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the protonated form of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
wherein X comprises an integer ranging from approximately 1 to approximately 25, and wherein Y comprises an integer ranging from approximately 6 to approximately 25.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the protonated form of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the protonated form of the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by at least one of the following chemical structures:
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
wherein R 1 comprises an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 1 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s), wherein the carbon atom(s) may be a linking group to, or part of, a halogen, a N, O, and/or S containing moiety, and/or one or more functional groups comprising alcohols, esters, ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, and combinations thereof; a linkage to a dimer; a linkage to an oligomer; and/or a linkage to a polymer; wherein R 2 comprises NCS; wherein R 3 -R 5 are the same or different and comprise H; OH; an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 1 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s), wherein the carbon atom(s) may be a linking group to, or part of, a halogen, a N, O, and/or S containing moiety, and/or one or more functional groups comprising alcohols, esters, ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, and combinations thereof; a linkage to a dimer; a linkage to an oligomer; and/or a linkage to a polymer with the proviso that at least one of R 3 -R 5 comprise an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 8 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s), wherein X comprises a counter cation such as, but not limited to, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, s-block metals, d-block metals, p-block metals, NZ 4 +, wherein Z comprises, H, R 6 , OR 6 , and wherein R 6 comprises an alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and/or cyano group containing approximately 1 to approximately 25 carbon atom(s), wherein the carbon atom(s) may be a linking group to, or part of, a halogen, a N, O, and/or S containing moiety, and/or one or more functional groups comprising alcohols, esters, ammonium salts, phosphonium salts, and combinations thereof; a linkage to a dimer; a linkage to an oligomer; and/or a linkage to a polymer.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the isothiocyanate functional surfactant is represented by the following chemical structure:
wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group containing 1 to 25 carbon atom(s); wherein R 2 is selected from the group consisting of NCS; and wherein R 3 -R 5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H; OH; and an alkyl, and alkanoyl group containing 1 to 25 carbon atom(s) with the proviso that at least one of R 3 -R 5 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl, and alkanoyl, group containing 8 to 25 carbon atoms; and wherein X comprises a counter cation.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises at least one of a cytotoxic antineoplastic agent and a targeted antineoplastic agent.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises a cytotoxic antineoplastic agent selected from the group comprising a nucleoside analogue, an antifolate, an antimetabolite, a topoisomerase inhibitor, a anthracycline, a podophyllotoxin, a taxane, a vinca alkaloid, an alkylating agent, and/or a platinum compound.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises a monoclonal antibody, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, an mTOR inhibitor, a retinoid, an immunomodulatory agent, and/or a histone deacetylase inhibitor.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises a DNA-effecting or influencing anti-cancer medicament, a kinase-inhibiting anti-cancer medicament, an anti-androgen medicament and/or a hormonal anti-cancer medicament.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises bicalutamide.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises fluorouacil.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises chlormethine.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises at least one of bevacizumab, cetuximab, denosumab, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, ibritumomab tiuxetan, ipilimumab, nivolumab, ofatumumab, panitumumab, pembrolizumab, pertuzumab, rituximab, tositumomab, and trastuzumab.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second medicament comprises at least one of alitretinoin, bexarotene, isotretinoin, tamibarotene, and tretinoin.
21. A method for treating a benign neoplasm, an in situ neoplasm, a malignant neoplasm, and/or a neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior in a patient, comprising the steps of:
administering a medicament formulation to a patient having a benign neoplasm, an in situ neoplasm, a malignant neoplasm, and/or a neoplasm of uncertain or unknown behavior, wherein the medicament formulation comprises:
a first medicament, wherein the first medicament comprises an isothiocyanate functional surfactant; and
an optional second medicament, wherein the optional second medicament comprises an antineoplastic agent.