Earthquake protection system for a floating slab
Earthquake protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ), for the conservation of the structures placed on the slab against the dynamic forces caused by earthquakes, comprising one or more vertical holding devices, arranged on the floating slab ( 1 ), and one or more side dampers ( 20 ), located on the side walls of the floating slab ( 1 ), wherein vertical holding devices are configured for the limitation and damping of the vertical movement of the floating slab and wherein the side dampers ( 20 ) are configured to limit and damp the movement of the floating slab ( 1 ) in the horizontal direction. The invention also comprises a protection method against earthquakes for protecting that which is arranged on the floating slabs.
1. An antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ), for the conservation of structures placed on the slab ( 1 ) against the dynamic forces caused by earthquakes; the system comprising a floating slab ( 1 ), a rigid base (B) and a concrete slab formwork ( 2 ), wherein the slab ( 1 ) is located on the rigid base (B) and its side walls adjoin with those of the concrete slab formwork ( 2 ); further wherein the floating slab ( 1 ) is constituted by means of distribution of containers ( 3 ) in welded wire fabric, and once the concrete is set, within each of the containers ( 3 ) a helical spring damper ( 9 ) is introduced with a lower cover ( 13 ), said lower cover ( 13 ) is positioned on the rigid base (B), raising the floating slab ( 1 ) by the drive of the helical spring dampers ( 9 ) against the rigid base (B), said system further comprising one or more side dampers ( 20 ), located in the side walls of the floating slab ( 1 ), configured to limit and damp the movement of the floating slab ( 1 ) in the horizontal direction,
said system further comprising a vertical holding device configured to limit and damp the vertical movement of the floating slab, said vertical holding device comprising a stem ( 15 ) anchored perpendicular to the rigid base (B) and a group of washers (A) with different diameters that are inserted in the stem ( 15 ) and are arranged from larger to smaller on a flange ( 18 ) towards the interior of the flange ( 18 ) within a container ( 17 ).
2. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 1 , wherein the base (B) comprises chocks ( 8 ) on which the helical spring dampers ( 9 ) are arranged.
3. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 2 , wherein the lower cover ( 13 ) of the helical spring damper ( 9 ) has a convex shape, to be positioned on the top of the chock ( 8 ) having a concave shape.
4. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 1 , wherein stainless steel wire pads ( 14 ) are installed on the inside of the helical spring damper ( 9 ).
5. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the side dampers ( 20 ) are arranged on the edges of the floating slab ( 1 ) and comprise a tubular metal sleeve ( 21 ) containing an opening to introduce another tubular metal sleeve ( 22 ) of lower section, contained within steel cable damper cylinders ( 24 ).
6. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ) according to claim 5 , wherein the side dampers ( 20 ) are of circular section contained within the sleeves ( 21 , 22 ) and further wherein the steel cable damper cylinders ( 24 ) contain a bore in a central part of the steel cable damper cylinders ( 24 ).
7. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ) according to claim 6 , wherein a rubber damper ( 25 ) is arranged in the central bore of the steel cable damper cylinders ( 24 ).
8. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ), according to claim 7 , wherein the rubber damper ( 25 ) contains within its rubber mass a helical damper.
9. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ), according to claim 1 , wherein said system comprises damping discs ( 31 ) attached to the side walls of the floating slab ( 1 ) which activate when the side dampers ( 20 ) are at their limit of damping capacity.
10. The antiseismic protection system far a floating slab ( 1 ), according to claim 1 , wherein on the upper end of the stem ( 15 ) a damper (C) is arranged.
11. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ), according to claim 1 , wherein the lower end of the stem is articulated ( 16 ).
12. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab ( 1 ), according to claim 1 , wherein the structures on top of the floating slab ( 1 ) comprise a raised access floor with pedestals ( 27 ) and tiles ( 26 ), and a rail ( 28 ) placed on the perimeter of said raised access floor from which stems ( 29 ) emerge with a damper ( 30 ) at its end in contact with one of the pedestals ( 27 ).
13. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab, according to claim 1 , wherein the structures that are on the top of the floating slab ( 1 ) are cabinets ( 34 ), wherein side dampers ( 33 ) are arranged between the side walls of two adjacent cabinets ( 34 ) and top dampers ( 37 ) are placed on the top of the two adjacent cabinets ( 34 ).
14. The antiseismic protection system for a floating slab according to claim 1 , wherein the structures that are on the floating slab ( 1 ) are cabinets ( 34 ) grouped in different rows, a cabinet of one row being linked with one of another row by a metal strip ( 35 ) emerging from each cabinet ( 34 ) to connect with the metal strip ( 35 ) emerging from the cabinet ( 34 ) of another row through a damper ( 36 ).