Heat pump system with additional heat source for evaporation of refrigerant
An air conditioning system of a motor vehicle with a refrigerant circuit for operation in a refrigerator mode and a heat pump mode. The refrigerant circuit includes a primary circuit with a compressor, a heat exchanger for heat transfer between the refrigerant and the surroundings, an expansion element and a heat exchanger for heat transfer from the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment to the refrigerant, and a first flow path. The flow path extends from a branching point between the compressor and the heat exchanger to an opening and includes a heat exchanger for heat transfer from the refrigerant to the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment. The heat exchanger is situated in a flow direction of intake air of the passenger compartment after the heat exchanger.
1. A method for operating a refrigerant circuit with an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, the refrigerant circuit configured for operation in a refrigerator mode and in a heat pump mode for intake air being conditioned for a passenger compartment, the method comprising the steps of:
providing the refrigerant circuit comprising a primary circuit including a compressor, a first heat exchanger configured to provide heat transfer between a refrigerant and surrounding air, an expansion element, and a second heat exchanger configured to provide heat transfer from the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment to the refrigerant, a first flow path extending from a first branching point between the compressor and the first heat exchanger to a second branching point, the first flow path including a third heat exchanger configured to provide heat transfer from the refrigerant to the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment, wherein the third heat exchanger is disposed in the flow direction of the intake air of the passenger compartment after the second heat exchanger, a first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger of a first coolant circuit, the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger arranged within the primary circuit in series connection with the first heat exchanger, a second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger of the first coolant circuit, wherein the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged in a parallel connection to the second heat exchanger, and a heating heat exchanger of a second coolant circuit configured to warm the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment, the heating heat exchanger arranged in the flow direction of the intake air for the passenger compartment after the second heat exchanger, the primary circuit further including an internal heat exchanger having a first side and a second side, the internal heat exchanger configured to transfer heat between a first portion of the refrigerant passing through the first side thereof and a second portion of the refrigerant passing through the second side thereof, wherein the first side of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the primary circuit between the first heat exchanger and the second branching point and the second side of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the primary circuit between the second heat exchanger and the compressor, wherein the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged within the primary circuit of the refrigerant circuit between the first heat exchanger and the first side of the internal heat exchanger, and wherein the second branching point is disposed upstream of the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger with respect to the flow of the refrigerant during operation of the refrigerant circuit in the refrigerator mode; and
conducting the refrigerant during operation of the refrigerant circuit in the heat pump mode through the first heat exchanger and then through the coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger, wherein pressure of the refrigerant is equal in the first heat exchanger and the coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger and the coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger are operated as an evaporator for the refrigerant.
2. A refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, the refrigerant circuit configured for operation in a refrigerator mode and a heat pump mode, the refrigerant circuit comprising:
a primary circuit including a compressor, a first heat exchanger configured to provide heat transfer between a refrigerant and surrounding air, a first expansion element, and a second heat exchanger configured to provide heat transfer from intake air being conditioned for a passenger compartment to the refrigerant;
a first flow path extending from a first branching point between the compressor and the first heat exchanger to a second branching point, the first flow path including a third heat exchanger configured to provide heat transfer from the refrigerant to the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment, wherein the third heat exchanger is disposed in the flow direction of the intake air of the passenger compartment after the second heat exchanger;
a first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger of a first coolant circuit, the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger arranged within the primary circuit in series connection with the first heat exchanger, wherein the refrigerant, depending on the mode of the refrigerant circuit, flows through the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger and then through the first heat exchanger or through the first heat exchanger and then through the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger;
a second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger of the first coolant circuit, wherein the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged in a parallel connection to the second heat exchanger;
a heating heat exchanger of a second coolant circuit configured to warm the intake air being conditioned for the passenger compartment, the heating heat exchanger arranged in the flow direction of the intake air for the passenger compartment after the second heat exchanger; and
an internal heat exchanger having a first side and a second side, the internal heat exchanger configured to transfer heat between a first portion of the refrigerant passing through the first side thereof and a second portion of the refrigerant passing through the second side thereof, wherein the first side of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the primary circuit between the first heat exchanger and the second branching point and the second side of the internal heat exchanger is disposed on the primary circuit between the second heat exchanger and the compressor, wherein the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger is arranged within the primary circuit of the refrigerant circuit between the first heat exchanger and the first side of the internal heat exchanger, and wherein the second branching point is disposed upstream of the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger with respect to the flow of the refrigerant during operation of the refrigerant circuit in the refrigerator mode.
3. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the refrigerant circuit further comprises a collector arranged after the second heat exchanger in the flow direction of the refrigerant.
4. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the refrigerant circuit is further configured for operation in a reheat mode, wherein the refrigerant can be apportioned between the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and wherein a second expansion element is disposed in front of the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger and a third expansion element is disposed in front of the second heat exchanger in the flow direction of the refrigerant, and the first flow path has a check valve disposed between the third heat exchanger and the second branching point for allowing the refrigerant to pass in the flow direction to the second branching point.
5. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , further comprising a second flow path extending from a third branching point between the compressor and the first heat exchanger to a fourth branching point, wherein the fourth branching point is arranged in the flow direction of the refrigerant in front of the compressor and the second flow path receives no flow during the operation of the refrigerant circuit in the refrigerator mode.
6. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , wherein pressure of the refrigerant is equal in the first heat exchanger and the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger, and wherein the first heat exchanger and the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger are each operated as an evaporator for the refrigerant during the operation of the refrigerant circuit in the heat pump mode.
7. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the second branching point forms a division of the refrigerant towards each of the second heat exchanger and the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger during operation of the refrigerant circuit in the heat pump mode.
8. The refrigerant circuit according to claim 2 , wherein coolant of the first coolant circuit flows through the first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger only during operation of the refrigerant circuit in the heat pump mode and not during operation of the refrigerant circuit in the refrigerator mode, and wherein the coolant of the first coolant circuit flows through the second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger during operation of the refrigerant circuit in each of the refrigerator mode and the heat pump mode.