Wet seal caulk with enhanced chemical resistance
A caulk composition includes at least one powder component and at least one binder component, such that the powder component has a particle size distribution in the range of 95% less than 25 μm and 90% greater than 1 μm. A molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) includes a fuel cell stack, a manifold, and the caulk composition disposed in between the fuel cell stack and the manifold.
1. A caulk composition consisting essentially of:
at least one powder component that consists essentially of a ball-milled zirconia powder that has a particle size distribution of 95% less than 25 μm and 90% greater than 1 μm and that has been heated to a temperature of at least 1500° C., wherein the ball-milled zirconia powder component is present in a concentration range of 65 wt % to 75 wt % of the caulk composition; and
at least one zirconia binder component, wherein the zirconia binder component is present in a concentration range of 25 wt % to 35 wt % of the caulk composition.
2. The caulk composition of claim 1 , wherein the caulk composition contains pores having a pore diameter in a range of about 1 nm to about 50 nm.
3. The caulk composition of claim 1 , wherein the caulk composition contains pores having a cumulative pore area of at most about 1 m 2 /g.
4. A molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) comprising:
a fuel cell stack;
a manifold; and
a caulk between the fuel cell stack and the manifold, the caulk consisting essentially of:
at least one powder component that consists essentially of a ball-milled zirconia powder that has a particle size distribution of 95% less than 25 μm and 90% greater than 1 μm and that has been heated to a temperature of at least 1500° C., wherein the ball-milled zirconia powder component is present in a concentration range of 65 wt % to 75 wt % of the caulk composition; and
at least one zirconia binder component, wherein the zirconia binder component is present in a concentration range of 25 wt % to 35 wt % of the caulk composition.
5. The MCFC of claim 4 , wherein the fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of fuel cells, with each fuel cell including a cathode, an anode, an electrically conductive separator plate, corrugated current collectors, and an electrolyte matrix.
6. The MCFC of claim 5 , wherein the caulk is positioned on a first portion of each fuel cell formed by the electrolyte matrix and on a second portion of each fuel cell formed by the separator plate.
7. The MCFC of claim 6 , wherein the separator plate comprises a weld bead positioned between a top trough and a bottom trough of the separator plate and wherein the weld bead remains uncovered from the caulk to form a discontinuity.
8. The MCFC of claim 4 , wherein the caulk is positioned discontinuously over the fuel cell stack.
9. The MCFC of claim 4 , wherein the MCFC is configured to minimize electrolyte migration from a positive end of the fuel cell stack to a negative end of the fuel cell stack.