Method and apparatus for use in improving linearity of MOSFETs using an accumulated charge sink
A method and apparatus for use in improving the linearity characteristics of MOSFET devices using an accumulated charge sink (ACS) are disclosed. The method and apparatus are adapted to remove, reduce, or otherwise control accumulated charge in SOI MOSFETs, thereby yielding improvements in FET performance characteristics. In one exemplary embodiment, a circuit having at least one SOI MOSFET is configured to operate in an accumulated charge regime. An accumulated charge sink, operatively coupled to the body of the SOI MOSFET, eliminates, removes or otherwise controls accumulated charge when the FET is operated in the accumulated charge regime, thereby reducing the nonlinearity of the parasitic off-state source-to-drain capacitance of the SOI MOSFET. In RF switch circuits implemented with the improved SOI MOSFET devices, harmonic and intermodulation distortion is reduced by removing or otherwise controlling the accumulated charge when the SOI MOSFET operates in an accumulated charge regime.
1. A method of operating a module, the module including at least one integrated circuit chip comprising a plurality of series N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) field effect transistors configured in a series connected stack configuration that comprises at least one series NMOS field effect transistor including a body, the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor either to pass an RF signal in a series enable state or to not pass the RF signal in a series disable state, the method further comprising:
electrically biasing the body of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor of the module in the series disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, a DC voltage level of a source of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor of the module, and a DC voltage level of a drain of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor of the module.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrically biasing the body of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor in the series disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing a plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors in the series disable state.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors for a circuit operable in an RF switch on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in silicon on insulator (SOI) technology.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a substrate including a thin film silicon layer with a thickness less than 150 nm.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a thin film silicon layer on an insulating layer with sources and drains of respective NMOS field effect transistors of the plurality extending through the entire thickness of the thin film silicon layer to the insulating layer.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistor in the series disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors in the series disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the sources of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors of the module, and the DC voltage level of the drains of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors of the module, comprises at least improving the linearity of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors.
7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the at least one integrated circuit chip comprises one or more additional pluralities of series N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) field effect transistors respectively in one or more additional series connected stack configurations;
and further comprising: respectively electrically biasing one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors in the series disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the sources of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors of the module, and the DC voltage level of the drains of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors of the module.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors comprises respectively electrically biasing the one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors for a circuit operable in an RF switch on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in silicon on insulator (SOI) technology.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors comprises at least improving the linearity of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors.
10. A method of operating a communication device, the communication device including at least one integrated circuit chip comprising a plurality of series N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) field effect transistors configured in a series connected stack configuration that comprises at least one series NMOS field effect transistor including a body, the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor either to pass an RF signal in a series enable state or to not pass the RF signal in a series disable state, the method further comprising:
electrically biasing the body of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor of the communication device in the series disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the source of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor of the communication device, and the DC voltage level of the drain of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor of the communication device.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the electrically biasing the body of the at least one series NMOS field effect transistor in the disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing a plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors in the series disable state.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors for a circuit operable in an RF switch on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in silicon insulator (SOI) technology.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a substrate including a thin film silicon layer with a thickness less than 150 nm.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a thin film silicon layer on an insulating layer with sources and drains of respective NMOS field effect transistors of the plurality extending through the entire thickness of the thin film silicon layer to the insulating layer.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the electrically biasing the bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistor in the series disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors in the series disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the sources of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors of the communication device, and the DC voltage level of the drains of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors of the communication device, comprises at least improving the linearity of the plurality of series NMOS field effect transistors.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the at least one integrated circuit chip comprises one or more additional pluralities of series N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) field effect transistors respectively in one or more additional series connected stack configurations; and further comprising: respectively electrically biasing one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors in the series disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the sources of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors of the communication device, and the DC voltage level of the drains of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors of the communication device, comprises at least improving the linearity of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors comprises respectively electrically biasing the one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors for a circuit operable in an RF switch on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in silicon on insulator (SOI) technology.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the one or more additional pluralities of bodies of the one or more additional pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors comprises at least improving the linearity of the one or more other pluralities of series NMOS field effect transistors.
19. A method of operating a module, the module including at least one integrated circuit chip comprising a plurality of shunt N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) field effect transistors configured in a series connected stack configuration that comprises at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor including a body, the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor either to shunt an RF port to ground in a shunt enable state or to not shunt the RF port to ground in a shunt disable state, the method further comprising:
electrically biasing the body of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor of the module in the shunt disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, a DC voltage level of a source of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor of the module, and a DC voltage level of a drain of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor of the module.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the electrically biasing the body of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor in the shunt disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing a plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors in the shunt disable state.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors for a circuit operable in an RF switch on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in silicon on insulator (SOI) technology.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a substrate including a thin film silicon layer with a thickness less than 150 nm.
23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a thin film silicon layer on an insulating layer with sources and drains of respective NMOS field effect transistors of the plurality extending through the entire thickness of the thin film silicon layer to the insulating layer.
24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the electrically biasing the body of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor in the shunt disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing a plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors in the shunt disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the sources of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors of the module, and the DC voltage level of the drains of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors of the module, comprises at least improving the linearity of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors.
25. A method of operating a communication device, the communication device including at least one integrated circuit chip that comprises a plurality of shunt N-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) field effect transistors configured in a series connected stack configuration comprising at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor including a body, the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor either to shunt an RF port to ground in a shunt enable state or to not shunt the RF port to ground in a shunt disable state, the method further comprising:
electrically biasing the body of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor of the communication device in the shunt disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, a DC voltage level of a source of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor of the communication device, and a DC voltage level of a drain of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor of the communication device.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the electrically biasing the body of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor in the shunt disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing a plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors in the shunt disable state.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors of a circuit operable in an RF switch on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in silicon on insulator (SOI) technology.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a substrate including a thin film silicon layer with a thickness less than 150 nm.
29. The method of claim 27 , wherein the respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprises respectively electrically biasing the plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors on the at least one integrated circuit chip, which is implemented in the SOI technology, comprising a thin film silicon layer on an insulating layer with sources and drains of respective NMOS field effect transistors of the plurality extending through the entire thickness of the thin film silicon layer to the insulating layer.
30. The method of claim 27 , wherein the electrically biasing the body of the at least one shunt NMOS field effect transistor in the shunt disable state comprises respectively electrically biasing a plurality of bodies of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors in the shunt disable state to have a voltage level substantially more negative than the lowest voltage level of the following: ground, the DC voltage level of the sources of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors of the communication device, and the DC voltage level of the drains of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors of the communication device, comprises at least improving the linearity of the plurality of shunt NMOS field effect transistors.