Engineered stress state with multi-well completions
A method for fracturing a well to improve productivity, by simulating zipper fracturing in such a way as to generate stress cages, thus minimizing anisotropy in a zone where fracture complexity is desired.
1. A method of hydrocarbon recovery using hydraulic fracturing in a reservoir, comprising:
a) inputting one or more fracture parameters into a reservoir model stored in a non-transitory memory of a computer;
b) inputting one or more well parameters into said reservoir model;
c) inputting one or more reservoir rock parameters into said reservoir model;
d) inputting a fracture sequence into said reservoir model, wherein said fracture sequence utilizes multiple wells and multiple fracturing stages, wherein said multiple wells include outer and inner wells, wherein said fracture sequence further comprises zipper fracturing a section or totality of said outer wells before zipper fracturing a section or totality of said inner wells;
e) simulating said reservoir model to predict a fracturing outcome;
f) interpreting said fracture outcome to determine horizontal stress anisotropy, stress cage generation, and/or fracture complexity for one or more fractured zones;
g) iteratively updating said fracture parameters and well parameters and re-simulating said reservoir model to increase the stress cage generation in one or more fracture zones in said fracture outcome; and;
h) implementing said re-simulated reservoir model in said reservoir.
2. The method of claim 1 ) further comprising step i) producing hydrocarbons.
3. The method of claim 1 ) wherein said updating step g comprises minimizing the horizontal stress anisotropy and increasing fracture complexity in the same fracture zone.
4. The method of claim 1 ) wherein said updating step g comprises further minimizing the horizontal stress anisotropy, increasing the stress cage generation and increasing fracture complexity in the same fracture zone.
5. The method of claim 1 ), wherein said zipper fracturing is nested zipper fracturing, alternating zipper fracturing, staggered zipper fracturing, or any combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 ), wherein said zipper fracturing is alternating or staggered zipper fracturing or both.
7. The method of claim 1 ), wherein said reservoir rock parameters comprise one or more of the following: magnitude and direction of in-situ principal stresses, overburden stress, minimum closure stress, maximum horizontal stress, rock density, rock porosity, rock permeability, rock mineral content, rock laminations, density and length of natural fractures, mechanical properties, Young's modulus and Poisson ratio.
8. The method of claim 7 ), wherein said fracture parameters were calculated using an instantaneous shut-in pressure (ISIP) analysis in a similar well in said reservoir.
9. The method of claim 8 ), wherein the ISIP analysis is performed for a variety of fluid types, slurry volumes, proppant types, proppant mass, proppant concentrations, and/or injection rates.
10. The method of claim 1 ), wherein said fracture parameters comprise one or more of the following: number of fracture stages, number of perforation clusters per stage, an order of fracturing for each stage, a fracture treatment rate or pressure for each stage, a fracturing fluid for each stage, a proppant type for each stage, a proppant density for each stage, a perforation cluster spacing and/or a perforation density for each stage, calculated horizontal stress anisotropy for each stage, calculated stress plateau, fracture density, and/or fracture height.
11. The method of claim 1 ), wherein said well parameters comprise one or more of the following: well number, well length and diameter, well spacing, well orientation, reservoir pressure, and fluid PVT properties.
12. A method of hydrocarbon recovery using hydraulic fracturing in a reservoir, comprising:
a) inputting one or more fracture parameters into a reservoir model stored in a non-transitory memory of a computer;
b) inputting one or more well parameters into said reservoir model;
c) inputting one or more reservoir rock parameters into said reservoir model;
d) inputting a fracture sequence into said reservoir model, wherein said fracture sequence utilizes multiple wells and multiple fracturing stages, wherein said multiple wells include outer and inner wells, wherein said fracture sequence further comprises zipper fracturing said outer wells before zipper fracturing said inner wells;
e) simulating said reservoir model to predict a fracturing outcome, wherein said reservoir model is a multistage fracturing plan;
f) implementing said multistage fracturing plan of said simulated reservoir model in said reservoir;
g) evaluating each stage of said multistage fracturing plan using distributed temperature sensing (DTS), production data, production interference test, downhole gauges, microseismicity, and instantaneous shut-in pressure;
h) iteratively updating said fracture parameters and well parameters and re-simulating said reservoir model after each stage to increase the stress cage generation in one or more fracture zones in said fracture outcome; and;
i) implementing said re-simulated reservoir model in said reservoir.
13. The method of claim 12 ), further comprising step j) producing hydrocarbons.
14. The method of claim 12 ), wherein said updating step h comprises further minimizing the horizontal stress anisotropy and increasing fracture complexity in the same fracture zone.
15. The method of claim 12 ), wherein said updating step step h comprises further minimizing the horizontal stress anisotropy, increasing the stress cage generation and increasing fracture complexity in the same fracture zone.
16. The method of claim 12 ), wherein said evaluating step comprises calculating fracture parameters using an Instantaneous Shut-In Pressure (ISIP) analysis.