Non-human animals having an engineered immunoglobulin Λ light chain locus
Non-human animals (and/or non-human cells) and methods of using and making the same are provided, which non-human animals (and/or non-human cells) have a genome comprising human antibody-encoding sequences (i.e., immunoglobulin genes). Non-human animals described herein express antibodies that contain human Igλ light chains, in whole or in part. In particular, non-human animals provided herein are, in some embodiments, characterized by expression of antibodies that contain human Igλ light chains, in whole or in part, that are encoded by human Igλ light chain-encoding sequences inserted into an endogenous Igλ light chain locus of said non-human animals. Methods for producing antibodies from non-human animals are also provided.
1. A mouse whose germline genome comprises an endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus comprising:
(a) one or more human Vλ gene segments,
(b) one or more human Jλ gene segments, and
(c) one or more human Cλ gene segments,
wherein (a) and (b) are operably linked to (c) and a mouse Cλ gene segment, and wherein the endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus further comprises: one or more mouse immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ), and one or more human immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ), and wherein the mouse expresses an immunoglobulin λ light chain comprising a human λ variable domain and either a human λ constant domain or a mouse λ constant domain.
2. The mouse of claim 1 , wherein the endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus comprises two mouse Eλs.
3. The mouse of claim 2 , wherein the two mouse Eλs are a mouse Eλ and a mouse Eλ3-1.
4. The mouse of claim 1 , wherein the endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus comprises three human Eλs.
5. The mouse of claim 1 , wherein the germline genome further comprises
(i) an endogenous immunoglobulin heavy chain locus comprising insertion of one or more human V H gene segments, one or more human D H gene segments and one or more human J H gene segments, which human V H , D H and J H gene segments are operably linked to a mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region; or
(ii) an endogenous immunoglobulin heavy chain locus comprising insertion of one or more human V H gene segments, one or more human D H gene segments and one or more human J H gene segments, which human V H , D H and J H gene segments are operably linked to a mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region, and an endogenous immunoglobulin κ light chain locus comprising insertion of one or more human Vκ gene segments and one or more human Jκ gene segments, which human Vκ and Jκ gene segments are operably linked to a mouse immunoglobulin Cκ region.
6. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the insertion of one or more human V H gene segments, one or more human D H gene segments and one or more human J H gene segments replace mouse V H , D H gene segments.
7. The mouse of claim 6 , wherein the insertion includes human non-coding DNA that naturally appears between human V H , D H , and J H gene segments, and combinations thereof.
8. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the insertion of one or more human Vκ gene segments and one or more human Jκ gene segments replace mouse Vκ and Jκ gene segments.
9. The mouse of claim 8 , wherein the insertion includes human non-coding DNA that naturally appears between human Vκ and Jκ gene segments, and combinations thereof.
10. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region is an endogenous mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region.
11. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the mouse Cκ region is an endogenous mouse Cκ region.
12. The mouse of claim 1 , wherein the endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus comprises a deletion of endogenous Vλ and Jλ gene segments, in whole or in part.
13. The mouse of claim 1 , wherein the mouse Cλ gene segment is a mouse Cλ1 gene segment.
14. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the immunoglobulin κ light chain locus comprises insertion of the proximal Vκ duplication, in whole or in part, of a human immunoglobulin κ light chain locus.
15. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus lacks an endogenous mouse Adam6 gene.
16. The mouse of claim 15 , wherein the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus further comprises insertion of one or more nucleotide sequences encoding one or more mouse Adam6 polypeptides.
17. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the mouse is homozygous for the endogenous immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.
18. The mouse of claim 5 , wherein the mouse is homozygous for the endogenous immunoglobulin κ light chain locus.
19. The mouse of claim 1 , wherein the mouse is homozygous for the endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus.
20. A method of making a mouse whose germline genome comprises an engineered endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus, the method comprising
(a) introducing a DNA fragment into a mouse embryonic stem cell, said DNA fragment comprising a nucleotide sequence that includes
(i) one or more human Vλ gene segments,
(ii) one or more human Jλ gene segments, and
(iii) one or more human Cλ gene segments,
wherein (i)-(iii) are operably linked to a mouse Cλ gene segment, and
wherein the nucleotide sequence further comprises one or more human immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ);
(b) obtaining the mouse embryonic stem cell generated in (a); and
(c) creating a mouse using the mouse embryonic stem cell of (b).
21. A method of making a mouse whose germline genome comprises an engineered endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus, which engineered endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus comprises insertion of one or more human Vλ gene segments, one or more human Jλ gene segments and one or more human Cλ gene segments, which human Vλ and Jλ gene segments are operably linked to a mouse or a human Cλ gene segment, and which endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus further comprises one or more mouse immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ), and one or more human immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ), the method comprising
modifying the germline genome of a mouse so that it comprises an engineered immunoglobulin λ light chain locus that includes insertion of one or more human Vλ gene segments, one or more human Jλ gene segments and one or more human Cλ gene segments, which human Vλ and Jλ gene segments are operably linked to a mouse or a human Cλ gene segment, and which endogenous immunoglobulin λ light chain locus further comprises one or more mouse immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ), and one or more human immunoglobulin λ light chain enhancers (Eλ), thereby making said mouse.