Magnetoelectric energy harvester and manufacturing method thereof
A magnetoelectric energy harvester having excellent power generation performance and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The magnetoelectric energy harvester includes a magnetostrictive material portion including a magnetostrictive material which generates a mechanical deformation when being magnetized. The magnetoelectric energy harvester also includes a piezoelectric material portion which has a bending vibration mode and includes a piezoelectric material which produces power by receiving a mechanical deformation force from the magnetostrictive material portion.
1. A magnetoelectric energy harvester comprising:
a magnetostrictive material portion comprising a magnetostrictive material which generates a mechanical deformation when being magnetized; and
a piezoelectric material portion comprising a piezoelectric material, wherein the piezoelectric material portion is configured to receive a mechanical deformation force from the magnetostrictive material portion, to generate bending vibrations in response to the mechanical deformation force, and to produce electrical power according to the bending vibrations,
wherein the piezoelectric material portion comprises:
a first piezoelectric material layer configured to receive the mechanical deformation force and to perform a first vibration in a stretching direction in response to the mechanical deformation force, and
a second piezoelectric material layer in direct physical contact with the first piezoelectric material layer and spaced apart from the magnetostrictive material portion by the first piezoelectric material layer, wherein the second piezoelectric material layer is configured to perform a second vibration in a contracting direction different from the stretching direction in response to the mechanical deformation force such that the piezoelectric material portion performs the second vibration and produces the electrical power in response to the bending vibrations.
2. The magnetoelectric energy harvester of claim 1 , wherein the magnetostrictive material is one of ferromagnetic metal, a ferritic ceramic, a magnetostriction alloy, and a magnetic shape memory alloy.
3. The magnetoelectric energy harvester of claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric material is one of PbZrO 3 , PbTiO 3 , KNhO 3 , NaNbO 3 , BiTiO 3 , NaTiO 3 , and BaTiO 3 .
4. A method for manufacturing a magneto electric energy harvester, the method comprising:
forming a magnetostrictive material layer by coating with a magnetostrictive material generating a mechanical deformation when being magnetized;
forming a first piezoelectric material layer over the magnetostrictive material layer;
performing, at the first piezoelectric material layer, a first vibration in a stretching direction in response to a mechanical deformation force received from the magnetostrictive material layer;
forming a second piezoelectric material layer in direct physical contact with the first piezoelectric material layer and spaced apart from the magnetostrictive material layer by the first piezoelectric material layer; and
performing, at the second piezoelectric material layer, a second vibration in a contracting direction different from the stretching direction in response to the mechanical deformation force such that the first and second piezoelectric material layers generate, in response to the mechanical deformation force, bending vibrations and produce electrical power.
5. A transmission and distribution line monitoring device comprising:
a sensor unit disposed outside a transmission and distribution line; and
a magnetoelectric energy harvester unit which comprises:
a magnetostrictive material portion comprising a magnetostrictive material configured to generate a mechanical deformation when being magnetized; and
a piezoelectric material portion comprising a piezoelectric material, wherein the piezoelectric material portion is configured to receive a mechanical deformation force from the magnetostrictive material portion, to generate bending vibrations in response to the mechanical deformation force, and to produce electrical power according to the bending vibrations,
wherein the piezoelectric material portion comprises:
a first piezoelectric material layer configured to receive the mechanical deformation force and to perform a first vibration in a stretching direction in response to the mechanical deformation force, and
a second piezoelectric material layer in direct physical contact with the first piezoelectric material layer and spaced apart from the magnetostrictive material portion by the first piezoelectric material layer, wherein the second piezoelectric material layer is configured to perform a second vibration in a contracting direction different from the stretching direction in response to the mechanical deformation force such that the piezoelectric material portion performs the second vibration and produces the electrical power in response to the bending vibrations.
6. The transmission and distribution line monitoring device of claim 5 , wherein the sensor unit comprises at least one of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.