Insulated electric wire and varnish for forming insulating layer
An insulated electric wire includes a linear conductor and one or a plurality of insulating layers formed on an outer peripheral surface of the conductor. At least one of the one or plurality of insulating layers contains a plurality of pores, outer shells are disposed on peripheries of the pores, and the outer shells are derived from shells of hollow-forming particles having a core-shell structure. A varnish for forming an insulating layer contains a resin composition forming a matrix and hollow-forming particles having a core-shell structure and dispersed in the resin composition. In the varnish, cores of the hollow-forming particles contain a thermally decomposable resin as a main component, and shells of the hollow-forming particles contain a main component having a higher thermal decomposition temperature than the thermally decomposable resin.
1. An insulated electric wire comprising
a linear conductor and one or a plurality of insulating layers formed on an outer peripheral surface of the conductor,
wherein at least one of the one or plurality of insulating layers contains a plurality of pores, the pores being formed from hollow particles, the hollow particles including outer shells, each of the outer shells being hollow inside, the outer shells being disposed on peripheries of the hollow particles, a main component of the outer shells being silicone that is 50% or more by mass of each of the outer shells, the hollow particle having a CV value of 30% or less, and
a primer treatment layer is further disposed between the linear conductor and the insulating layer, the primer treatment layer containing one or a plurality of resins selected from polyimides, polyamide-imides, polyester-imides, polyesters and phenoxy resins,
wherein the pores are flat spheres, the flat spheres having a shape with a ratio of a minor axis to a major axis of 0.95 or less on a section including the minor axis and the major axis where the major axis represents a maximum length of a diagonal passing through a centroid, and the minor axis represents a minimum length of the diagonal passing through the centroid, and a percentage of a number of the pores whose minor axes are oriented in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the conductor to a total number of the pores is 60% or more.
2. The insulated electric wire according to claim 1 , wherein at least some of the outer shells have a defect including at least one of the following, wherein the defect is a crack, a gap, or a hole.
3. The insulated electric wire according to claim 1 , wherein minor axes of the pores are oriented in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the conductor.
4. The insulated electric wire according to claim 1 , wherein at least one insulating layer of the one or a plurality of the insulating layers contains a polyimide as a main component, the main component of the at least one insulating layer of the one or a plurality of the insulating layers being 50% or more by mass.
5. The insulated electric wire according to claim 1 , wherein a porosity of the one or plurality of insulating layers is 10% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, where the porosity is the percentage of the volume of pores relative to the volume of the one or plurality of insulating layers, where the volume of the one or plurality of insulating layers includes the volume of the pores.
6. The insulated electric wire according to claim 1 , wherein the outer shells have an average thickness of between 0.01 μm and 0.5 μm.
7. The insulated electric wire according to claim 6 , wherein the insulating layer having an average thickness that is between 5 μm and 200 μm.