Electrode negative pulse welding system and method
A welding system includes a power source configured to generate power and deliver the power to a welding torch. The power is provided in accordance with an electrode negative pulse welding regime that includes a cyclic peak, followed by a stabilization phase, then a return to a background level. The stabilization phase has a generally parabolic current shape, and is performed in a current-closed loop manner until a transition point, where control becomes voltage-closed loop until the background level is reached. Resulting weld performance is improved, with a globular-like transfer mode, reduced shorts and enhanced arc stability.
1. A welding system, comprising:
a power source configured to generate welding power and deliver the welding power to a welding torch, wherein the welding torch is coupled to a negative output terminal of the power source;
a welding wire feeder configured to advance a metal cored electrode into the welding torch at a rate of advancement; and
control circuitry configured to implement an electrode negative pulse welding regime comprising:
closed loop control of the welding power to maintain the voltage output at a desired level during a peak phase and allowing the current output to float during the peak phase,
a transition from the closed loop control of the welding power during the peak phase to parabolic closed loop control of the welding power during a stabilization phase following the peak phase, and
a transition from the parabolic closed loop control of the welding power during the stabilization phase to closed loop control of the welding power during a return phase following the stabilization phase in response to a current signal indicating that an output current has achieved a predetermined value.
2. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the stabilization phase comprises a down ramp of current defined by a current-per-unit-time-squared relationship.
3. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the return phase comprises voltage-closed loop control with a proportional only gain on voltage.
4. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein a leading edge of the peak phase comprises a linear current-closed loop ramp to a pre-determined transition point.
5. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the peak phase comprises a voltage-closed loop phase with a voltage command of the welding power during the peak phase is between 18 and 28 V.
6. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined value of the output current level at the transition between the stabilization phase and the return phase is programmable to a value between 25 and 325 A.
7. The welding system of claim 6 , wherein the transition between the stabilization phase and the return phase is above 50 A.
8. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the transition between the stabilization phase and the return phase is above 100 A.
9. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the electrode negative pulse welding regime produces a globular transfer of molten metal from the electrode to a weld puddle.
10. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the parabolic closed loop control during the stabilization phase is a current-closed loop control, and the closed loop control during the return phase is a voltage-closed loop control.
11. The welding system of claim 1 , wherein the closed loop control of the welding power during the return phase maintains the voltage output at a desired level and allows the current output to float during the return phase.