Toner
A toner has a toner particle that has a binder resin and a release agent, wherein when the temperature when G′=1.0×10 5 Pa in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner is denoted by Ta, and the glass transition temperature in a differential scanning calorimetric measurement on the toner is denoted by Tg, the Ta and the Tg satisfy the following formulas: 40° C.≤Tg≤70° C., 60° C.≤Ta≤90° C., and 0° C.≤ Ta−Tg ≤35° C.; and the toner has a storage elastic modulus G′ having a minimum value in the range from 110° C. to 150° C. in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner.
1. A toner comprising a toner particle, said toner particle comprising a binder resin, a release agent and a plasticizer, said plasticizer being an ester compound represented by formulae (2) or (3)
where R 1 represents an alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R 2 and R 3 independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group having from 11 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein
40° C.≤Tg≤70° C.,
60° C.≤Ta≤90° C., and
0° C.≤ Ta−Tg≤ 35° C.
when Ta is a temperature when G′=1.0×10 5 Pa in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner, and Tg is a glass transition temperature in a differential scanning calorimetric measurement on the toner,
the toner has a storage elastic modulus G′ having a minimum value in a range of 110 to 150° C. in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner measured using a rotational plate rheometer at an oscillation frequency of 1.0 Hz (6.28 rad/s) and a ramp rate of 2.0° C./minute in temperature sweep mode in a temperature range of 50 to 160° C., and
( SPr−SPw ) 2 ×Mw ≤680
when SPw is a solubility parameters of the plasticizer, SPr is a solubility parameter of the binder resin, and Mw is a weight-average molecular weight of the plasticizer.
2. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the plasticizer in the toner is 5 to 30 mass %.
3. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particle has a surface layer that contains an organosilicon polymer.
4. The toner according to claim 3 , wherein the organosilicon polymer has a structure represented by R—SiO 3/2 when R represents a hydrocarbon group or aryl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
5. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particle contains a carboxy group-containing styrene resin having an acid value of 5 to 25 mg KOH/g.
6. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the binder resin contains a styrene-acrylic resin.
7. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the toner particle is a suspension polymerized toner particle.
8. A toner comprising a toner particle, said toner particle comprising a binder resin and a release agent, wherein
40° C.≤Tg≤70° C.,
60° C.≤Ta≤90° C., and
0° C.≤ Ta−Tg≤ 35° C.
when Ta is a temperature when G′=1.0×10 5 Pa in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner, and Tg is a glass transition temperature in a differential scanning calorimetric measurement on the toner,
the toner has a storage elastic modulus G′ having a minimum value in a range of 110 to 150° C. in a dynamic viscoelastic measurement on the toner measured using a rotational plate rheometer at an oscillation frequency of 1.0 Hz (6.28 rad/s) and a ramp rate of 2.0° C./minute in temperature sweep mode in a temperature range of 50 to 160° C., and
the toner particle contains a carboxy group-containing styrene resin having an acid value of 5 to 25 mg KOH/g.