Electroplating solution for lithium metal, and method for manufacturing lithium metal electrode by using same
An electroplating solution for lithium metal, and a method for preparing a lithium metal electrode using the same, and in particular, while preparing a lithium metal electrode using electroplating, a lithium metal electrode having enhanced surface properties may be prepared by electroplating using a plating solution including a lithium nitrogen oxide and a metal nitrogen oxide, and, by using such a lithium metal electrode in a battery, lifetime properties of the battery may be enhanced.
1. A method for preparing a lithium metal electrode by electroplating, the method comprising:
providing a cathode;
providing an anode selected from the group consisting of a lithium ingot and a lithium transition metal oxide;
providing an electroplating solution between the anode and the cathode, wherein the electroplating solution comprises:
an ether-based solvent;
a lithium salt;
a lithium nitrogen oxide; and
an additive represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
MNO x <Chemical Formula 1>
wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, M is Cs, Rb, K, Ba, Sr, Ca, Na or Mg, and x is 2 or 3; and
applying a current between the anode and the cathode to electroplate lithium onto the cathode and provide an additional source of lithium ions into the electroplating solution from the anode.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the lithium salt in the electroplating solution is 1 M to 7 M.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a content of the lithium nitrogen oxide in the electroplating solution is 1% by weight to 5% by weight based upon a total weight of the electroplating solution.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein Li + of the lithium nitrogen oxide and M + of the additive represented by Chemical Formula 1 have a concentration ratio ([Li + ]/[M + ]) of between 10 to 40.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ether-based solvent is one or more types selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethyl ether and dibutyl ether.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lithium salt is one or more types selected from the group consisting of LiFSi, LiPF 6 , LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiAICl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi, chloroborane lithium and lithium tetraphenylborate.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lithium nitrogen oxide is one or more types selected from the group consisting of lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) and lithium nitrite (LiNO 2 ).
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the additive is one or more types selected from the group consisting of potassium nitrate (KNOB), cesium nitrate (CsNO 3 ), magnesium nitrate (MgNO 3 ), barium nitrate (BaNO 3 ), potassium nitrite (KNO 2 ) and cesium nitrite (CsNO 2 ).
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lithium nitrogen oxide and the additive are lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) and cesium nitrate (CsNO 3 ), respectively.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode is a current collector selected from the group consisting of Cu, Al, Ni, Fe, stainless steel and Ti.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cathode has a three-dimensional structure form.