Subsea process lubricated water injection pump
A subsea water injection pump includes components that are cooled and lubricated by the process fluid. The pump includes opposing stages of impellers in a “back-to-back” arrangement such that the axial forces of the impeller stages partially or nearly fully offset each other. In some cases, a combination of barrier fluid and process fluid is used for lubrication and cooling.
1. A subsea process fluid lubricated water injection pumping system, comprising:
an elongated impeller shaft;
a motor section in which an electric motor is positioned, wherein the electric motor is configured to impart torque on the impeller shaft thereby causing the impeller shaft to rotate about a main longitudinal axis in a drive direction;
a first set of impellers fixedly mounted to the impeller shaft and configured to increase pressure of a single phase aqueous process fluid when the impeller shaft is rotated in the drive direction thereby imparting a first axial force on the impeller shaft in a first direction parallel to the longitudinal axis;
a second set of impellers fixedly mounted to the impeller shaft and configured to increase pressure of a the process fluid when the impeller shaft is rotated in the drive direction thereby imparting a second axial force on the impeller shaft in a second direction opposite to the first direction;
a pump section comprising a fluid inlet configured to receive the process fluid, and a fluid outlet, wherein the first set of impellers and the second set of impellers are positioned in the pump section;
a bushing positioned about the impeller shaft; and
at least one bearing surface spaced from the bushing along the longitudinal axis and configured to allow the impeller shaft to rotate about the longitudinal axis, the at least one bearing surface further configured for lubrication and cooling from the process fluid via a leak path formed between the impeller shaft and the bushing and extending through a gap formed between a stator and a rotor of the electric motor;
a fluid conduit extending from the motor section to the fluid inlet of the pump section to recirculate the process fluid from the leak path to the fluid inlet;
wherein the leak path extends from the gap formed between the stator and the rotor of the electric motor into an inlet of the fluid conduit and wherein the first set of impellers are configured to pressurize the process fluid before the process fluid enters the leak path.
2. The system according to claim 1 wherein the system is configured such that during operation a net axial force on the impeller shaft resulting from a sum of the first and second axial forces has a magnitude of less than 50% of the greater magnitude of the first or second axial forces.
3. The system according to claim 2 wherein the system is configured such that during operation a net axial force on the impeller shaft resulting from a sum of the first and second axial forces has a magnitude of less than 75% of the greater magnitude of the first or second axial forces.
4. The system according to claim 1 wherein the system is configured for deployment on a seabed.
5. The system according to claim 1 wherein the process fluid comprises seawater.
6. The system according to claim 5 wherein the seawater is filtered to remove at least some particulate matter prior to entering the pumping system.
7. The system according to claim 5 wherein the seawater is filtered to remove particulate matter greater than 1 micron before being pressurized by at least one of the first or second sets of impellers.
8. The system according to claim 1 wherein the first and second sets of impellers are positioned on the same side of the electric motor.
9. The system according to claim 8 wherein the electric motor includes a rotor shaft that is attached to the impeller shaft with a coupling that is flexible in at least the axial direction.
10. The system according to claim 1 wherein the rotor is fixedly mounted to the impeller shaft.
11. The system according to claim 1 further comprising a second motor configured to impart torque on the impeller shaft thereby causing the impeller shaft to rotate in the drive direction.
12. The system according to claim 1 further comprising a thrust disk fixedly mounted to the impeller shaft having bearing surfaces that are lubricated with the process fluid.
13. The system according to claim 1 wherein the pumping system forms part of seawater injection system and the first and the second impeller stages are configured to inject seawater into a subterranean rock formation via a wellbore penetrating the formation.
14. The system according to claim 1 wherein all bearing surfaces are configured to be lubricated and cooled by at least the process fluid.
15. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the leak path is at least partially formed radially between an inner surface of the bushing and an outer surface of the main shaft.