Mineral enriched natural supplements
The technology relates to nutritional supplements containing one or more minerals. In particular the technology relates to nutritional supplements comprising filamentous fungal biomass and one or more minerals selected from zinc, magnesium, selenium, chromium, copper and manganese, and a process to make the nutritional supplements.
1. A process for forming a nutritional supplement containing minerals, the process comprising:
providing a culture medium formulated with an agricultural by-product or a food processing by-product;
providing inorganic salts of zinc, magnesium, selenium, chromium, copper, and manganese to the culture medium, wherein the salts are added at a concentration of at least about 5 mg of inorganic salt per liter of culture medium;
culturing filamentous fungi selected from Aspergillus oryzae or Aspergillus niger in the culture medium to accumulate the minerals zinc, magnesium, selenium, chromium, copper, and manganese in the filamentous fungi in organic form in a single culture; and
harvesting the filamentous fungi from the single culture to obtain a nutritional supplement containing the minerals comprising fungal biomass having the minerals zinc, magnesium, selenium, chromium, copper, and manganese in organic form;
wherein at the minerals are present from 1 to 60000 mg/kg in the fungal biomass; and
wherein the nutritional supplement does not contain raised levels of iron from the fungi, the levels being less than 200 mg/kg.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the agricultural by-product comprises waste derived from agriculture production of corn, wheat, sugar beet, cane sugar, soybean, or whey.
3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the agricultural by-product is selected from the group consisting of sugar cane and beet pulps, soybean hull, soybean process whey, wheat hull, corn steeping liquid, and soybean whey.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the food processing by-product is selected from the group consisting of corn steeping liquor, soybean whey, sugar cane and beet molasses, soybean hull and wheat bran, and wheat hull.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the salts are added at the concentration of 50 to 1500 mg of salt per liter of culture medium.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein culturing of the filamentous fungi is carried out at a temperature between 25° C. and 35° C.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the harvesting is by filtration, filter press, belt press, centrifugation, or drying.
8. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the drying is carried out by rotary drier, steam drier or vacuum drier.
9. The process according to claim 7 , wherein the drying is carried out at a temperature lower than about 95° C.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the zinc is in the range of 10 to 60000 mg/kg, magnesium is in the range of 10 to 60000 mg/k, selenium is in the range of 1 to 4000 mg/kg, chromium is in the range of 4 to 8000 mg/kg, copper is in the range of about 60 to 20000 mg/kg, and manganese in the range of 60 to 20000 mg/kg.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the nutritional supplement containing minerals has levels of iron less than 200 mg/kg.
12. The process according to claim 10 , wherein the nutritional supplement containing minerals is formulated as tablets, capsules, caplets, powders, granules, ampoules, vials, ready-to-use solutions or suspensions, drinks, or lyophilized materials.
13. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising formulating the nutritional supplement containing minerals for oral delivery.