Polyester-epoxide polymer compositions
Polyester-epoxide polymer (PEEP) compositions are disclosed. The PEEP compositions comprise a reaction product of a polyepoxide compound (eq. wt. 125 to 250 g/eq.) and a polyester polyol composition. The ratio of epoxy equivalents to hydroxyl equivalents is within the range of 0.8 to 3.5. The PEEP composition has a T g within the range of −40° C. to 60° C. Elevated temperature-cure and low temperature-cure processes for making the PEEP compositions are also disclosed. In a simple yet innovative approach, a new class of polymers useful for adhesives, coatings, elastomers, and other valuable products is assembled from readily available starting materials without reliance on polyisocyanates or polyamines. The PEEP compositions have increased elongation and lower T g when compared with traditional epoxy products.
1. A polyester-epoxide polymer composition which comprises a reaction product of:
(a) a polyepoxide compound having an equivalent weight within the range of 125 to 250 g/equiv; and
(b) a polyol composition comprising a polyester polyol, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value within the range of 50 to 400 mg KOH/g, an average hydroxyl functionality within the range of 1.5 to 4.0, and an acid number less than 5 mg KOH/g;
wherein the ratio of epoxy equivalents of the polyepoxide compound to hydroxyl equivalents of the polyol composition is within the range of 0.8 to 3.5, and the polyester-epoxide polymer composition has a glass-transition temperature as measured by differential scanning calorimetry within the range of −40° C. to 60° C.
2. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the polyepoxide compound is an aromatic polyepoxide.
3. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 2 wherein the aromatic polyepoxide is a reaction product of a bisphenol and epichlorohydrin having an equivalent weight within the range of 185 to 200 g/equiv.
4. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the polyepoxide compound is an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyepoxide.
5. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the polyol composition comprises an aromatic polyester polyol or an aromatic polyester polyol in combination with an aliphatic polyester polyol.
6. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the polyol composition comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.
7. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value within the range of 60 to 350 mg KOH/g and an average hydroxyl functionality within the range of 1.8 to 3.5.
8. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 having a glass-transition temperature within the range of −30° C. to 35° C.
9. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 having a glass-transition temperature within the range of −5° C. to 25° C.
10. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 having an elongation at break by ASTM D412, Method A of at least 30%.
11. The polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 having an elongation at break by ASTM D412, Method A of at least 80%.
12. A coating comprising the polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 .
13. An elastomer or a microcellular elastomer comprising the polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 .
14. An adhesive or sealant comprising the polyester-epoxide polymer composition of claim 1 .
15. A process which comprises heating, at a temperature within the range of 50° C. to 100° C., a mixture comprising a polyepoxide compound having an equivalent weight within the range of 125 to 250 g/equiv and a polyol composition comprising a polyester polyol, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value within the range of 50 to 400 mg KOH/g, an average hydroxyl functionality within the range of 1.5 to 4.0, and an acid number less than 5 mg KOH/g, wherein the ratio of epoxy equivalents of the polyepoxide compound to hydroxyl equivalents of the polyol composition is within the range of 0.8 to 3.5, to produce a polyester-epoxide polymer composition having a glass-transition temperature as measured by differential scanning calorimetry within the range of −40° C. to 60° C.
16. The process of claim 15 wherein the polyester-epoxide polymer composition is a coating, adhesive, sealant, or elastomer.
17. The process of claim 15 wherein the heating is performed in the presence of a tertiary amine catalyst.
18. The process of claim 15 wherein the polyol composition comprises an aromatic polyester polyol or an aromatic polyester polyol in combination with an aliphatic polyester polyol.
19. The process of claim 15 wherein the polyol composition comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.
20. The process of claim 15 wherein the polyester-epoxide polymer composition has a glass-transition temperature within the range of −30° C. to 35° C.
21. A process which comprises reacting, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a base or a Lewis acid compound, a polyepoxide compound having an equivalent weight within the range of 125 to 250 g/equiv and a polyol composition comprising a polyester polyol, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl value within the range of 50 to 400 mg KOH/g, an average hydroxyl functionality within the range of 1.5 to 4.0, and an acid number less than 5 mg KOH/g, wherein the ratio of epoxy equivalents of the polyepoxide compound to hydroxyl equivalents of the polyol composition is within the range of 0.8 to 3.5, to produce a polyester-epoxide polymer composition having a glass-transition temperature as measured by differential scanning calorimetry within the range of −40° C. to 60° C.
22. The process of claim 21 wherein the catalyst comprises a Lewis acid compound.
23. The process of claim 22 wherein the catalyst comprises a complex of boron trifluoride with an amine, an ether, an alcohol, a polyol, or a combination thereof.
24. The process of claim 21 wherein the reaction is performed at a temperature within the range of 0° C. to 45° C.
25. The process of claim 21 wherein the polyol composition comprises an aromatic polyester polyol or an aromatic polyester polyol in combination with an aliphatic polyester polyol.
26. The process of claim 21 wherein the polyol composition comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.
27. The process of claim 21 wherein the polyester-epoxide polymer composition is a coating, adhesive, sealant, or elastomer.
28. The process of claim 21 wherein the polyepoxide compound and the polyol composition are reacted at an epoxy/hydroxyl index within the range of 100 to 350.
29. The process of claim 21 wherein the polyepoxide compound and the polyol composition are reacted at an epoxy/hydroxyl index within the range of 135 to 330.
30. The process of claim 21 wherein the polyester-epoxide polymer composition has a glass-transition temperature within the range of −30° C. to 35° C.