High brightness laser-produced plasma light source
Laser-produced plasma light source contains a vacuum chamber with a rotating target assembly providing a target in an interaction zone with a laser beam focused on the said target, which is a molten metal layer. A debris shield is rigidly mounted to surround the interaction zone, said shield comprising only two opening forming an entrance for the laser beam and an exit for a short-wavelength radiation beam. The means for debris mitigation can additionally include: the rotation of target with high linear velocity exciding 80 m/s; the orientation of the short-wavelength radiation beam and/or of the laser beam at an angle of less than 45° to the target surface, a nozzle supplying a high-speed gas flow to the interaction zone, etc. The technical result is the creation of the high-brightness low-debris sources of soft X-ray, EUV and VUV light at wavelengths of 0.4 to 200 nm.
1. A laser-produced plasma light source, comprising a vacuum chamber ( 1 ) with a rotating target assembly ( 2 ) providing a target in an interaction zone ( 3 ) with a laser beam ( 7 ) focused on the target ( 4 ), which is a molten metal, a useful short-wavelength radiation beam ( 8 ) exiting the interaction zone and means for debris mitigation, characterized in that
a debris shield ( 12 ) is rigidly mounted to surround the interaction zone ( 3 ), said shield comprising a first opening ( 13 ) forming an entrance for said laser beam ( 7 ) and a second opening ( 14 ) forming an exit for a short-wavelength radiation beam ( 8 ).
2. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein the target is the molten metal layer, formed by a centrifugal force on a facing to an axis of rotation ( 5 ) surface of an annular groove ( 6 ), implemented in the rotating target assembly.
3. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein the debris shield ( 12 ) is circular.
4. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein slit gaps ( 15 ), ( 16 ) separate the shield from the rotating target assembly.
5. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second openings in the debris shield is conical.
6. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein an axis of short wavelength radiation beam is directed at an angle of greater than 45° relative to a rotation plane of the rotating target assembly.
7. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein the rotating target assembly rotates the target with a linear velocity exceeding 80 m/s and one or more debris mitigation techniques such as protective gas flows, electrostatic and magnetic mitigation, foil traps and a membrane comprising carbon nanotubes are additionally used.
8. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein at least parts of the focused laser beam ( 7 ) and the short-wavelength radiation beam ( 8 ) are surrounded by casings ( 18 ), ( 19 ) in which a protective gas flows are supplied.
9. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein the short-wavelength radiation beam comprises light, having wavelengths in the rage of 0.4 nm to 120 nm.
10. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , wherein the molten metal comprises Sn, Li, In, Ga, Pb, Bi, Zn, and/or alloys thereof.
11. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 1 , further comprising a nozzle ( 27 ), said nozzle supplying a high-speed gas flow to the interaction zone.
12. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 11 , wherein the nozzle is positioned in the first opening and the laser beam is directed into the interaction zone through the nozzle ( 27 ).
13. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 11 , wherein the gas comprises a noble gas.
14. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 11 , wherein a gas flow velocity to the interaction zone is between 60 m/s and 300 m/s, and wherein a gas pressure within the interaction zone is between 5 mbar to 200 mbar.
15. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 11 , wherein the nozzle is positioned at a distance of no greater than 2 mm from the interaction zone.
16. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 11 , wherein the gas flow ( 31 ) towards the interaction zone ( 3 ) is directed to a vector ( 28 ) of linear velocity of the target at an angle not exceeding 45 degrees.
17. The light source according to claim 1 , wherein the direction from interaction zone towards at least one of the first and second openings ( 13 ), ( 14 ) in the debris shield is significantly different from the direction of a predominant output of a droplet fraction ( 30 ) and/or of ion/vapor fraction ( 32 ) of debris particles from the interaction zone.
18. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 16 , wherein a vector ( 28 ) of the linear velocity of the target in the interaction zone and at least one of the first and second openings ( 13 ), ( 14 ) in the debris shield are located on different sides of a plane ( 29 ) passing through the interaction zone ( 3 ) and the axis of rotation ( 5 ).
19. The laser-produced plasma light source according to claim 16 , wherein the axis of at least one of the first and second openings in the debris shield is directed at an angle of less than 45° relative to a target surface in the interaction zone.