Three-dimensional printing method, three-dimensional printing apparatus, and three-dimensional modeled object
A three-dimensional printing method includes a filament forming step, and a laminating step in order to laminate filaments possessing thermoplasticity and thereby obtain a three-dimensional modeled object. In the filament forming step, a coating material made of a thermoplastic resin, which is plasticized by heating, is adhered to at least a part of an outer circumferential surface of a core material, which is made of a thermoplastic resin having a lower temperature than that of the plasticized coating material, thereby obtaining the filaments. In the laminating step, the filaments, which are made up from the plasticized coating material, and the core material that is plastically deformable but at a lower temperature than the plasticized coating material, are laminated while being pressed with respect to a portion to be laminated.
1. A three-dimensional printing apparatus configured to obtain a three-dimensional modeled object by laminating filaments possessing thermoplasticity, comprising:
a coating material heating device configured to heat a coating material made of a thermoplastic resin to a first temperature,
a core material heating device configured to heat a core material made of a thermoplastic resin to a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature,
a nozzle including a coating material discharge member configured to discharge the coating material, and a core material discharge member configured to discharge the core material, the nozzle being configured to discharge the filaments onto a portion on which the filaments are to be laminated, the filaments being formed by adhering the coating material, which is discharged from the coating material discharge member, to at least a part of an outer circumferential surface of the core material which is discharged from the core material discharge member; and
a moving device configured to move the nozzle in three dimensions, thereby to allow the nozzle to press the filaments, which are made up from the coating material plasticized, and the core material plasticized but deformable and having a lower temperature than the plasticized coating material, against the portion on which the filaments are to be laminated and laminate the filaments on the portion on which the filaments are to be laminated.
2. The three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the moving device moves the nozzle in a state in which a discharging direction of the filaments is inclined with respect to a stacking direction in which the filaments are laminated, in a manner so that the filaments are pressed against the portion on which the filaments are to be laminated from a front side in a direction of travel of the nozzle.
3. The three-dimensional printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein:
the core material discharge member and the coating material discharge member are of tubular shapes having different diameters from each other, and the coating material discharge member which is of a larger diameter is disposed in covering relation to an outer circumferential surface of the core material discharge member which is of a smaller diameter;
a reservoir portion in which the coating material is stored is formed between an inner circumferential surface of the coating material discharge member and the outer circumferential surface of the core material discharge member; and
a heat shielding portion is disposed between the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface of the core material discharge member, and configured to suppress heat from the coating material stored in the reservoir portion so as not to be transmitted to the core material.