Electrode material for battery and method for manufacturing same

1. An electrode material for a cell, comprising:

carbon; and

a crystalline material composed of a layered double hydroxide and/or a cation-deficit metal oxide having a rock-salt structure,

wherein the carbon is complexed into the crystal structure of the layered double hydroxide and/or the cation-deficit metal oxide, and wherein the crystalline material has a particulate form having a diameter of 5 to 10 nm, and particles of the crystalline material are surrounded by the carbon,

wherein the crystalline material is dispersed in a carbon matrix in nanoscale.

2. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the crystalline material is composed of the layered double hydroxide.

3. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the crystalline material is composed of the cation-deficit metal oxide.

4. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of peaks assigned to the carbon is assigned to graphite in a Raman spectrum.

5. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the cell is selected from the group consisting of lithium ion secondary cells, metal-air cells, alkali fuel cells, and zinc secondary cells.

6. A method of producing the electrode material according to claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of:

preparing an aqueous basic solution containing an organic substance;

adding salts of at least two cations to the aqueous basic solution to form a precipitate, the at least two cations being capable of constituting the layered double hydroxide and/or the cation-deficit metal oxide;

subjecting the precipitate to a hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave to form the layered double hydroxide into which the organic substance is intercalated; and

firing the layered double hydroxide, into which the organic substance is intercalated, to form a complex of the cation-deficit metal oxide with carbon.

7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the aqueous basic solution has a pH of 8 to 14, and the formation of the precipitate is performed while the pH is being kept.

8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the organic substance is an organic acid.

9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein the organic acid is a carboxylic acid.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the carboxylic acid is an organic compound having 1 to 50 carbon atoms.

11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the carboxylic acid has a molecular size of 5 Å to 50 Å.

12. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the carboxylic acid is at least one selected from the group consisting of sebacic acid and terephthalic acid.

13. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the organic substance is a surfactant.

14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the surfactant is an ionic surfactant.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the ionic surfactant is an anionic surfactant.

16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the anionic surfactant is an organic compound having 1 to 50 carbon atoms.

17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the anionic surfactant has a molecular size of 5 Å to 50 Å.

18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

19. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the firing is performed at a temperature of more than 300° C. and less than 600° C.

20. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the firing is performed in an atmosphere under reduced pressure.

21. The method according to claim 6 , further comprising the step of bringing the cation-deficit metal oxide complexed with the carbon into contact with water to reconstruct the layered double hydroxide, thereby yielding a complex of the layered double hydroxide and the carbon.

22. The method according to claim 21 , wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of CO 2 , hydroxides, chlorides, nitrates, organic acids, and surfactants is dissolved in the water.

23. The method according to claim 21 , wherein the contact with water is performed at 20 to 200° C.