Self-supporting three-dimension prestressed structure, method and device for its construction
This invention relates to a self-supporting three-dimensional prestressed structure, as well as a method and a device for erecting same, to be employed in the construction of residential and nonresidential buildings. The structure is constructed of vertical form-defining flexible rodlike members ( 1 ) stressed during the construction of the structure, as well as horizontal flexible rodlike members ( 2 ) each forming a closed curve. The horizontal members ( 2 ) are also stressed during construction and welded or rigidly affixed by other means to the vertical form-defining members ( 1 ). Instead of horizontal circular members ( 2 ) the structure can be constructed completely or to some extent using a spiral member, also stressed during the construction of the structure that is rigidly affixed to the vertical form-defining flexible members ( 1 ).
1. A device for construction of self-supporting three-dimensional prestressed structure comprising a number of symmetrically and radially positioned telescopic arms ( 4 ) each hinged to a circle ( 5 ) positioned at the center of the device, wherein at the tip of each telescopic arm ( 4 ) a guide block holds a corresponding vertical member ( 1 ), wherein the telescopic arms remain hinged to the device at a base area of the structure, wherein the guide block comprises two parallel plates ( 7 ) fixed to the telescopic arms ( 4 ), and wherein between said plates ( 7 ) are installed in sequence grooved rollers ( 8 ), with an opening between two rollers ( 8 ) being at least equal to the cross-sectional diameter of the vertical member to be held between the two rollers.
2. A method for construction of self-supporting three-dimensional prestressed structures comprising:
selecting a geometric center for a structure;
positioning and affixing a central circle ( 5 ) of a device for construction of self-supporting three-dimensional prestressed structures at a geometric center of the structure;
configuring telescopic arms ( 4 ) of the device to conform to an intended size and shape of the structure;
inserting one end of a vertical member ( 1 ) through a guiding block ( 6 ) on a respective telescopic arm ( 4 ) and into a prepared socket in a foundation of the structure;
moving incrementally upward each telescopic arm ( 4 ) along its respective flexible vertical member ( 1 ), either in sequence or simultaneously, thus stressing the flexible vertical member ( 1 );
following each incremental upward step of all telescopic arms ( 4 ), fixing an achieved elevation by attaching horizontal flexible members ( 2 ) around the flexible vertical members ( 1 ) to form a contour;
after the structure has been completed, removing the device ( 3 ),
wherein the telescopic arms remain hinged to the device at a base area of the structure,
making openings of shapes in the structure by making frames with required dimensions and shape, affixing the frames at required positions, affixing bordering sections of the structure to the frames, and cutting away excess parts of the structure enclosed in the frames, and
sheathing the structure in reinforcing mesh and plastering over and finishing in building materials comprising at least one of cement, clay, and adhesive mix.