Hardcoated glass-ceramic articles
According to one embodiment, there is an article including a glass-ceramic substrate having a major surface, an optical coating is disposed on the major surface and forms an appearance-enhancing surface, the optical coating including a appearance-enhancing coating, and a scratch-resistant layer. The article exhibits a hardness of 8 GPa or more, and a photopic average diffuse light reflectance measured at the appearance-enhancing surface of one of: (i) about 0.3% or less; (ii) about 0.2% or less; (iii) about 0.1% or less, over an optical wavelength regime in the range from about 400 nm to about 800 nm. Further, in the (L*, a*, b*) colorimetry system of the International Commission on Illumination, at near-normal incidence, the article comprises a diffuse reflectance dE* of one of: (i) about 3 or less; (ii) about 2 or less; or (iii) about 1 or less, where dE* is defined as dE*=sqrt(L* 2 +a* 2 +b* 2 ).
1. An article comprising:
a glass-ceramic substrate having a major surface, wherein the substrate further comprises a black color; and
an optical coating disposed on the major surface and forming an appearance-enhancing surface, the optical coating comprising an appearance-enhancing coating, and a scratch-resistant layer, wherein the scratch-resistant layer comprises a thickness from about 0.5 μm to about 3 μm, wherein
the article comprises a hardness of 8 GPa or more,
the article exhibits a photopic average diffuse light reflectance measured at the appearance-enhancing surface of about 0.3% or less over an optical wavelength regime in the range from about 400 nm to about 800 nm,
wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a plurality of layers that comprise a first low refractive index (RI) layer and a second high RI layer, and further wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a plurality of periods such that the first low RI layer and the second high RI layer alternate,
wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a first portion and a second portion, the scratch-resistant layer disposed between the first portion and the second portion,
wherein the plurality of layers comprises a nitride or an oxynitride material, and
further wherein the first portion of the appearance-enhancing coating is disposed over the scratch-resistant layer and comprises a total thickness of less than or equal to about 200 nm.
2. The article of claim 1 , the appearance-enhancing surface of the article comprises a photopic average total reflectance of less than about 4%.
3. The article of claim 1 , the appearance-enhancing surface comprises at least one of a total, a specular, and a diffuse reflected color, at near-normal incidence within a range of 0 to −8 in both a* and b*.
4. The article of claim 1 , at least one of total reflected color and specular reflected color having at least one of: (i) b*<0; (ii) b* from 0 to −10; and (iii) a* from 0 to −2.
5. The article of claim 1 , the diffuse reflected color is at least one of: (i) b* less than zero; (ii) b* from 0 to −2; (iii) b* from 0 to −1; and (iv) a* from −0.5 to 0.5.
6. The article of claim 1 , the ceramic component of the glass-ceramic comprises Fe2O3, TiO2, or MgO crystallites, the crystallites comprising an average size from about 5 nm to about 50 nm, the crystallites comprising a cross-sectional area fraction of less than about 15% of the overall cross-sectional area of the glass-ceramic substrate.
7. The article of claim 1 , the article exhibits a photopic average total light transmittance of about 10% or less over an optical wavelength regime in the range from about 400 nm to about 800 nm.
8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article exhibits a hardness of about 10 GPa or greater at an indentation depth of about 100 nm and a hardness of about 16 GPa or greater at an indentation depth of about 500 nm as measured on the appearance-enhancing surface by a Berkovich Indenter Hardness Test.
9. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article exhibits an abrasion resistance after a 500-cycle abrasion using a Taber Test on the appearance-enhancing surface, wherein after abrasion the appearance-enhancing surface exhibits an average roughness Ra, as measured by atomic force microscopy, of about 12 nm or less.
10. The article of claim 1 , wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a thickness and a plurality of layers comprising a nitride or oxy-nitride material, and where the combined thickness of the layers comprising a nitride or an oxyinitride is about 50% or greater of the thickness of the appearance-enhancing coating.
11. The article of claim 1 , comprising a scratch resistant layer, the scratch resistant layer comprising a high RI layer, and comprising the thickest layer in the appearance-enhancing coating.
12. The article of claim 1 , wherein at least one of (i) the layers positioned over the scratch resistant layer comprise a total thickness of less than or equal to about 200 nm; and (ii) each of the layers other than the scratch resistant layer comprises an optical thickness (n*d) in the range from about 2 nm to about 200 nm.
13. The article of claim 1 , wherein the scratch resistant layer comprises a high RI material, one or more of the layers positioned over the scratch resistant layer comprises a high RI material, and one or more of the layers positioned over the scratch resistant layer comprises a low RI material.
14. The article of claim 1 , wherein the uppermost 500 nm of the optical coating measured from the appearance-enhancing surface comprises at least one of:
less than about 30% of low RI material; and
at least about 70% of high RI material.
15. A device comprising:
a housing having front, back, and side surfaces;
electrical components that are at least partially inside the housing;
a display at or adjacent to the front surface of the housing; and
a cover substrate disposed over the display, wherein at least a portion of the housing comprises the article of claim 1 .
16. The article of claim 1 , wherein the first low RI layer comprises SiO 2 , the second high RI layer comprises AlO x N y , and the scratch-resistant layer comprises AlO x N y , wherein the plurality of periods of the appearance-enhancing coating is four periods, wherein the first and second portion of the appearance-enhancing coating comprises one period and three periods, respectively, and further wherein the optical coating comprises a capping layer over the first portion of the appearance-enhancing coating, the capping layer comprising SiO 2 .
17. An article comprising:
a glass-ceramic substrate having a major surface, wherein the substrate further comprises a black color; and
an optical coating disposed on the major surface and forming an appearance-enhancing surface, the optical coating comprising an appearance-enhancing coating, and a scratch-resistant layer, wherein the scratch-resistant layer comprises a thickness from about 0.5 μm to about 3 μm, wherein
the article comprises a hardness of 8 GPa or more,
the article exhibits a photopic average diffuse light reflectance measured at the appearance-enhancing surface of about 0.3% or less, over an optical wavelength regime in the range from about 400 nm to about 800 nm,
in the (L*, a*, b*) colorimetry system of the International Commission on Illumination, at near-normal incidence, the article comprises a diffuse reflectance dE* of about 3 or less, where dE* is defined as dE*=sqrt(L* 2 +a* 2 +b* 2 ),
wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a plurality of layers that comprise a first low refractive index (RI) layer and a second high RI layer, and further wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a plurality of periods such that the first low RI layer and the second high RI layer alternate,
wherein the appearance-enhancing coating comprises a first portion and a second portion, the scratch-resistant layer disposed between the first portion and the second portion,
wherein the plurality of layers comprises a nitride or an oxynitride material, and
further wherein the first portion of the appearance-enhancing coating is disposed over the scratch-resistant layer and comprises a total thickness of less than or equal to about 200 nm.
18. The article of claim 17 , wherein the first low RI layer comprises SiO 2 , the second high RI layer comprises AlO x N y , and the scratch-resistant layer comprises AlO x N y , wherein the plurality of periods of the appearance-enhancing coating is four periods, wherein the first and second portion of the appearance-enhancing coating comprises one period and three periods, respectively, and further wherein the optical coating comprises a capping layer over the first portion of the appearance-enhancing coating, the capping layer comprising SiO 2 .