Ultrasound transducers having electrical traces on acoustic backing structures and methods of making the same

1. An ultrasound transducer, comprising:

a transducer array having a first side and a second side and comprising a plurality of transducer elements;

a plurality of ground electrodes disposed on the first side of the transducer array;

a plurality of signal electrodes disposed on the second side of the transducer array;

an acoustic backing structure operatively coupled to the plurality of transducer elements of the transducer array, wherein the acoustic backing structure includes a complex curved surface comprising a curved surface and a plurality of planar surfaces, wherein the plurality of transducer elements of the transducer array are disposed on the curved surface;

a plurality of electrical traces routed on the complex curved surface of the acoustic backing structure, wherein the plurality of electrical traces comprises a plurality of signal traces and a plurality of ground traces, wherein one or more signal traces of the plurality of signal traces have a varying thickness, wherein each of the plurality of electrical traces is routed on the curved surface and at least one of the plurality of planar surface, wherein a first of the plurality of electrical traces is operatively connected to a first of the plurality of signal electrodes and a second of the plurality of electrical traces is operatively connected to a second of the plurality of the signal electrodes, wherein a third of the plurality of electrical traces is operatively connected to a first of the plurality of ground electrodes and a fourth of the plurality of electrical traces is operatively connected to a second of the plurality of ground electrodes, wherein the plurality of electrical traces are conformally disposed on the complex curved surface of the acoustic backing structure using additive fabrication; and

a plurality of ports connected to the acoustic backing structure, wherein each of the plurality of ports is connected to one of the plurality of electrical traces, wherein the acoustic backing structure is tapered so that it is wider at the curved surface than at the plurality of ports in a direction perpendicular to the plurality of planar surfaces.

2. The ultrasound transducer of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the acoustic backing structure is chamfered to provide electrical isolation between the plurality of ground electrodes and the plurality of signal traces.

3. The ultrasound transducer of claim 1 , further comprising an electrically insulating material disposed on at least a portion of the plurality of signal traces to electrically isolate the plurality of signal traces from the plurality of ground electrodes.

4. The ultrasound transducer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of signal electrodes and the plurality of ground electrodes form an interdigitated structure.

5. The ultrasound transducer of claim 1 , further comprising an interposer flex circuit coupled to the transducer array.

6. The ultrasound transducer of claim 5 , wherein a width of the interposer flex circuit is greater than a width of the acoustic backing structure.

7. The ultrasound transducer of claim 1 , comprising one or more acoustic matching layers disposed on the first side of the transducer array.

8. An ultrasound transducer, comprising:

a transducer array having a first side and a second side and comprising a plurality of transducer elements;

a plurality of ground electrodes disposed on the first side of the transducer array;

a plurality of signal electrodes disposed on the second side of the transducer array;

an acoustic backing structure operatively coupled to the plurality of transducer elements of the transducer array, wherein the acoustic backing structure includes a complex curved surface; and

a plurality of electrical traces routed on the complex curved surface of the acoustic backing structure, wherein the plurality of electrical traces comprises a plurality of signal traces and a plurality of ground traces, wherein one or more signal traces of the plurality of signal traces have a varying thickness, wherein a first of the plurality of signal traces is operatively connected to a first of the plurality of signal electrodes and a second of the plurality of signal traces is operatively connected to a second of the plurality of the signal electrodes, wherein a first of the plurality of ground traces is operatively connected to a first of the plurality of ground electrodes and a second of the plurality of ground traces is operatively connected to a second of the plurality of ground electrodes, wherein the plurality of electrical traces are conformally disposed on the complex curved surface of the acoustic backing structure using additive fabrication.

9. The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein a portion of the acoustic backing structure is chamfered to provide electrical isolation between the plurality of ground electrodes and the plurality of signal traces.

10. The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , further comprising an electrically insulating material disposed on at least a portion of the plurality of signal traces to electrically isolate the plurality of signal traces from the plurality of ground electrodes.

11. The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of signal electrodes and the plurality of ground electrodes form an interdigitated structure.

12. The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , further comprising an interposer flex circuit coupled to the transducer array.

13. The ultrasound transducer of claim 12 , wherein a width of the interposer flex circuit is greater than a width of the acoustic backing structure.

14. The ultrasound transducer of claim 8 , comprising one or more acoustic matching layers disposed on the first side of the transducer array.