Methods of detecting signatures of disease or conditions in bodily fluids
Methods and compositions for diagnosing the presence of a cancer cell in an individual are provided. Methods and compositions for identifying a tumor-specific signature in an individual having cancer are also provided. Methods and compositions for diagnosing the presence of an infectious agent in an individual and/or for identifying an infectious agent-specific signature in an infected individual are provided. Methods and compositions for diagnosing the presence of a disease in an individual are also provided. Methods and compositions for identifying a disease-specific signature in an individual having the disease are also provided.
1. A method comprising:
a) obtaining a >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell from a subject,
wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell has a DNA content of >2n (>2n DNA content), the >2n DNA content arising from phagocytosis; and
wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell has been separated from phagocytic cells having a DNA content of 2n (2n DNA content);
b) detecting the level of expression of one or more markers in the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell by measuring the profiles of the one or more markers in the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell;
c) obtaining a hematopoietic non-phagocyte cell from the subject;
d) detecting the level of expression of the one or more markers in the hematopoietic non-phagocyte cell by measuring the profiles of the one or more markers in the hematopoietic non-phagocyte cell.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more markers are selected from the group consisting of RNA, protein, and combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell is selected from the group consisting of one or more of a neutrophil, a macrophage, a monocyte, a dendritic cell, and a foam cell.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell is selected from the group consisting of one or more of T cell, a B cell, a null cell, and a basophil.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are isolated from whole blood, urine, stool, saliva, lymph, or cerebrospinal fluid.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are isolated using antibodies.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are isolated using fluorescence activated cell sorting.
8. The method of claim 5 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are separated using a ligand that binds to a molecular receptor expressed on the plasma membranes of white blood cell populations.
9. The method of claim 5 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are separated by one or more methods selected from the group consisting of filtration, gradient-based centrifugation, elution, and microfluidics.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are isolated from a population of white blood cells.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are isolated using antibodies.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are separated by one or more methods selected from the group consisting of fluorescence activated cell sorting, filtration, gradient-based centrifugation, elution, and microfluidics.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the >2n hematopoietic phagocytic cell and the hematopoietic non-phagocytic cell are separated using a ligand that binds to a molecular receptor expressed on the plasma membranes of white blood cell populations.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more markers is a marker of cancer.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more markers is a marker of an infectious agent.
16. The method of claim 2 , wherein the marker is a, RNA, or microRNA is or is encoded by one or more of a cancer gene, an oncogene, and a tumor suppressor gene.
17. The method of claim 2 , wherein the marker is a protein or polypeptide encoded by one or more of a cancer gene, an oncogene, and a tumor suppressor gene.