Compounds that interact with the Ras superfamily for the treatment of cancers, inflammatory diseases, rasopathies, and fibrotic disease
Provided herein are methods and compositions for treating cancers, inflammatory diseases, rasopathies, and fibrotic disease involving aberrant Ras superfamily signaling through the binding of compounds to the GTP binding domain of Ras superfamily proteins including, in certain cases, K-Ras and mutants thereof, and a novel method for assaying such compositions.
1. A method of inhibiting the function of one or more members of the Ras superfamily, the method comprising administering to a subject a compound of Formula I:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein:
R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, halo, cyano, thiocyanate, selenocyanate, trifluoromethoxy, azide, OR 3 , C(O)R 4 , NR 5 C(O)R 4 , and NR 6 R 7 ;
R 3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl or arylcarbonyl;
R 4 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl;
R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, or arylcarbonyl;
R 6 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, or alkylsulfonyl;
R 7 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, or alkylsulfonyl; or R 6 and R 7 are combined to form a cyclic structure including the nitrogen atom to which they are both attached; and
X is O, S or NR 5 ; or
the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
wherein the administered compound inhibits the function of one or more members of the Ras superfamily.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of Formula Ia:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein:
R 1a is selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heteroaryl;
R 2a is selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, halo, cyano, thiocyanate, selenocyanate, trifluoromethoxy, azide, OR 3 , C(O)R 4 , NR 5 C(O)R 4 , and NR 6 R 7 ;
R 3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl or arylcarbonyl;
R 4 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl;
R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, or arylcarbonyl;
R 6 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, or alkylsulfonyl;
R 7 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, or alkylsulfonyl; or R 6 and R 7 are combined to form a cyclic structure including the nitrogen atom to which they are both attached; and
X is O, S or NR 5 ;
wherein the administered compound of Formula Ia inhibits the function of one or more members of the Ras superfamily.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the compound is a compound of Formula Ia:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein:
R 1a is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and heteroaryl;
R 2a is heteroaryl; and
X is NH.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is a compound of Formula Ib:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein:
R 2b is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl;
R 5 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, or arylcarbonyl;
R 6 and R 7 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl and alkylsulfonyl, or R 6 and R 7 are combined to form a cyclic structure including the nitrogen atom to which they are both attached;
R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, and R and R′ are combined to form a cyclic structure including the carbon atom to which they are both attached; and
X is O or NR 5 ;
wherein the administered compound of Formula Ib inhibits the function of one or more members of the Ras superfamily.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject has cancer.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the one or more members of the Ras superfamily is Ras protein.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the compound inhibits GTP binding to the Ras protein GTP binding domain with greater than 25% inhibition at 20 uM in a cell-free-assay.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the Ras protein is HRAS, KRAS, or NRAS, or a mutant thereof.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the cancer is a blood cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, colon cancer, small intestine cancer, biliary tract cancer, endometrium cancer, skin cancer (melanoma), cervix cancer, urinary tract cancer, or glioblastoma.
12. The method of claim 2 , wherein the subject has cancer.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the one or more members of the Ras superfamily is Ras protein.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the compound inhibits GTP binding to the Ras protein GTP binding domain with greater than 25% inhibition at 20 uM in a cell-free-assay.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the Ras protein is HRAS, KRAS, or NRAS, or a mutant thereof.
16. The method of claim 3 , wherein the subject has cancer.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the one or more members of the Ras superfamily is Ras protein.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the compound inhibits GTP binding to the Ras protein GTP binding domain with greater than 25% inhibition at 20 uM in a cell-free-assay.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the Ras protein is HRAS, KRAS, or NRAS, or a mutant thereof.
20. The method of claim 4 , wherein the subject has cancer.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the one or more members of the Ras superfamily is Ras protein.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the compound inhibits GTP binding to the Ras protein GTP binding domain with greater than 25% inhibition at 20 uM in a cell-free-assay.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the Ras protein is HRAS, KRAS, or NRAS, or a mutant thereof.
24. The method of claim 5 , wherein the subject has cancer.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the one or more members of the Ras superfamily is Ras protein.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the compound inhibits GTP binding to the Ras protein GTP binding domain with greater than 25% inhibition at 20 uM in a cell-free-assay.
27. The method of claim 26 , wherein the Ras protein is HRAS, KRAS, or NRAS, or a mutant thereof.