Multi-stage axial flow turbine adapted to operate at low steam temperatures
A multi-stage axial turbine (typically between 4 and 10 stages) designed to operate more efficiently with partial admission of low temperature steam in each stage except the last one or two stages. Each stage of the subject turbine operates efficiently with smaller pressure drops thereby maintaining much smaller reductions in fluid density per stage. Each stage has blisks built as a single piece and the steam passages built into the periphery of the blisks. Each subsequent stage then only requires a small increase in flow area that can be achieved by using only a small increase in admission and blade height.
1. An axial flow turbine for generation of electrical power, said turbine comprising:
multiple stages, wherein a stator and a rotor define each stage; wherein the stators and rotors are fabricated from aluminum or plastic; and wherein the turbine is configured for operation at low absolute pressure with the motive fluid being steam;
a partial admission inlet defined in a first stator of a first stage of the multiple stages, wherein the partial admission inlet admits a first amount of steam, each subsequent stage increasing the amount of steam admission in the corresponding stator until complete admission is achieved towards the final stages of the multiple stages; and
the rotor in each stage having blisks; made as a single piece and steam passages built into the periphery of the blisks.
2. The axial flow turbine as in claim 1 wherein the turbine is orientated so that its major axis is generally vertical.
3. The axial flow turbine as in claim 2 wherein the rotor of each of the multiple stages is fixedly attached to a vertical shaft that is connected through a gearbox to an electrical generator.
4. The axial flow turbine as in claim 3 wherein the height of each rotor increases by about 10% per stage.
5. The axial flow turbine as in claim 1 , wherein the turbine is configured for operation with steam that is at pressure as low as −4 PSIG.
6. The axial flow turbine as in claim 1 , wherein the turbine is configured for operation with steam that is at a temperature of less than 100° C.