Device for clamping and controlling the temperature of planar samples for x-ray diffractometry

1. An apparatus for clamping flat samples, in particular pouch battery cells, for x-ray diffractometry, with the apparatus having

a housing having a sample holder, which has holding elements for clamping the sample, wherein cutouts for guiding through the x-ray beam are provided in each case in the holding elements,

at least two x-ray windows for letting in and out x-rays, and

at least one first temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the sample,

with the first temperature control device being thermally coupled to the housing, and

with the apparatus having at least one second temperature control device, which is configured to dissipate heat, which is output by the first temperature control device to the housing, out of the housing to the outside and/or to introduce heat from the outside into the housing,

wherein the holding elements have a plate-shaped configuration and contact surfaces that face one another for clamping the sample, with in each case at least one first temperature control device being attached to the side of the holding element that faces away from the respective contact surface, and with a spring mechanism being provided for the tensioning of the holding elements in relation to one another.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the holding elements are designed in the form of plates that are arranged in parallel.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sample holder is fastened in the housing using heat decoupling elements.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second temperature control device comprises active and/or passive means for supplying and/or dissipating heat out of and/or into the housing wall.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a temperature monitoring device, which is operatively connected to the first and/or the second temperature control devices and is configured to set a temperature of the sample by open-loop or closed-loop control of the first and/or second temperature control device.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , wherein

a) the second temperature control device comprises means for active and/or passive air temperature control and the temperature monitoring device is configured such that the closed-loop control of the temperature of the sample can be realized by the closed-loop control of the energy supply of the first temperature control device; and/or

b) the second temperature control device comprises liquid temperature control, and the temperature monitoring device is configured such that the closed-loop control of the temperature of the sample can be realized by the closed-loop control of the temperature of the temperature control liquid, with the first temperature control device being preferably operated with constant voltage.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a plurality of second temperature control devices is provided on and/or in the housing wall, with at least one second temperature control device being arranged in each case in the thermal coupling region between a first temperature control device and the housing.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first temperature control device comprises at least one Peltier element.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the first temperature control device comprises a plurality of Peltier elements being connected in series.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the housing is able to be hermetically sealed with respect to the environment and has at least one connection for introducing working gas into the housing.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein it is configured such that the temperature control devices operate without cryogenic refrigerants.

12. A pouch battery cell clamped by the apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , for x-ray diffractometry.