Articles formed with biodegradable materials and strength characteristics of the same
Described herein are strength characteristics and biodegradation of articles produced using one or more petrochemical-based polymers and one or more carbohydrate-based polymers. A compatibilizer can optionally be included in the article. In some cases, the article can include a film or bag.
1. An article consisting essentially of a blend of:
(a) from about 5 to 35% by weight of one or more starch-based polymeric materials formed from a starch and a plasticizer; and
(b) at least 55% by weight of polyethylene;
wherein the blend of the one or more starch-based polymeric materials and the polyethylene, when formed into a film of 1 mil thickness has a dart drop impact test value of at least 20% greater than a film of the same thickness formed from the polyethylene substantially free of the starch based polymeric material, the at least 20% increase in dart drop being exhibited over the full range of about 5% to 35% by weight of the starch-based polymeric material;
wherein the starch-based polymeric material has a crystallinity of less than about 20%, and resists recrystallization, a water content of no more than about 2%, and the starch-based polymeric material and polyethylene exhibit a lack of sea-island features when blended together to form the article.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the one or more starch-based polymeric materials comprises one or more of potato starch, corn starch, or tapioca starch, and the plasticizer comprises glycerin.
3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the article is a bag having a thickness from about 0.1 mil to about 4 mils and the bag includes a cavity having a volume from about 1 L to about 100 L.
4. The article of claim 1 , wherein:
the polyethylene comprises about 65% % by weight to about 95% by weight of the article;
the article has a thickness from about 0.1 mil to about 4 mils; and
the article has a dart drop impact test value from about 245 g to about 330 g per mil of thickness.
5. The article of claim 4 wherein the one of more starch-based polymeric materials comprise about 15% by weight to about 35% by weight of the article and the polyethylene comprises about 65% by weight to about 80% by weight of the article and the article has a thickness of about 0.8 mil to about 2 mils.
6. The article of claim 1 wherein the dart drop impact test value is at least about 230 g/mil of thickness.
7. The article of claim 1 wherein the starch-based polymeric material from which the article is formed has a crystallinity of less than about 15%.
8. The article of claim 1 wherein the starch-based polymeric material from which the article is formed has a crystallinity of less than about 10%.
9. The article of claim 1 wherein the starch-based polymeric material from which the article is formed has a water content of about 0.4% to about 1.5% by weight.
10. The article of claim 1 wherein the starch-based polymeric material from which the article is formed has a water content of less than about 1.5% by weight.
11. The article of claim 1 wherein when formed into a film of 1 mil of thickness has a tensile strength at break in the machine direction of 3.5 kpsi to about 5.5 kpsi, a tensile strength at break in the transverse direction of 3.2 kpsi to about 5.7 kpsi, an elongation at break in the machine direction of about 550 to about 750% and an elongation at break in the transverse direction of about 575% to about 775%.
12. The article of claim 1 , wherein the the article consists essentially of the starch-based polymeric material, the polyethylene, and optionally a compatibilizer.
13. The article of claim 12 , wherein polymeric content of the article consists of the starch-based polymeric material, the polyethylene, and optionally a compatibilizer.
14. The article of claim 1 wherein the article includes from about 60% to about 90% by weight of the polyethylene, wherein the article has a dart drop impact test value from 140 g to about 425 g, an elongation at break in the machine direction of at least 610° %, an elongation at break in the transverse direction of at least 630%, a tensile strength at break in the machine direction from 3.5 kpsi to about 5.5 kpsi, and a tensile strength at break in the transverse direction of 3.2 kpsi to about 5.7 kpsi.
15. The article of claim 1 wherein the blend of one or more starch-based polymeric materials and the polyethylene includes 20-30% by weight of the starch-based polymeric material, and exhibits the 20% or greater increase in dart drop impact over the full range of 20% to 30% by weight of the starch-based polymeric material.
16. The article of claim 1 wherein the blend of the one or more starch-based polymeric materials and the polyethylene exhibits an increase in tensile strength as compared to the polyethylene substantially free of the starch-based polymeric material.
17. An article consisting essentially of: from about 20% to 35% by weight of one or more starch-based polymeric materials formed from a starch and a plasticizer; and
at least 55% by weight of polyethylene;
wherein the blend of the one or more starch-based polymeric materials and the polyethylene, when formed into a film of 1 mil thickness has a dart drop impact test value of at least 20% greater than a film of the same thickness formed from the polyethylene substantially free of the starch based polymeric material, the 20% or greater increase in dart drop impact being exhibited over the full range of about 200% to 35% by weight of the starch-based polymeric material;
wherein the starch-based polymeric material has a crystallinity of less than about 20%, and resists recrystallization, a water content of no more than about 2%, and the starch-based polymeric material and polyethylene exhibit a lack of sea-island features when blended together to form the article.