Method and apparatus for the production of cast iron, cast iron produced according to said method
A method for the production of cast iron starting from pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) with an electric arc furnace includes the steps of preparing a charge of pre-reduced iron ore DRI having a metallization higher than 90% and containing over 2.8% by weight of carbon, wherein at least 80% of the carbon is combined with the iron to form iron carbide Fe 3 C; charging the charge of pre-reduced iron ore into the electric arc furnace; and melting the DRI charge to form liquid cast iron having at least 80% by weight of actual carbon content deriving from the carbon in the charge of pre-reduced iron ore, the melting step being in a reducing atmosphere and in a melting chamber of the electric arc furnace subjected to a positive internal pressure generated by the gases produced by reduction reactions that develop during melting.
1. A method for production of cast iron starting from pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) with an electric arc furnace (EAF), comprising the following steps:
a. preparing a charge of the pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) having a metallization higher than 90% and containing 5.3%-6.5% by weight of carbon, wherein at least 80% of said carbon is combined with iron to form iron carbide (Fe 3 C);
b. charging the charge of the pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) into the electric arc furnace (EAF) without adding free carbon; and
c. melting the DRI charge to form liquid cast iron,
wherein said liquid cast iron has a predetermined actual content of carbon, at least 80% by weight of said actual carbon content of the liquid cast iron deriving from the carbon in the charge of the pre-reduced iron ore (DRI), and
wherein step c. is carried out in a reducing atmosphere and in a melting chamber of the electric arc furnace (EAF) subjected to a positive internal pressure generated by gases produced by reduction reactions that develop in step c.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least 90% of said carbon in the charge of the pre-reduced iron ore (DRI) is combined with iron as the iron carbide (Fe 3 C).
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in step a. said DRI charge is charged into the electric arc furnace at a temperature higher than 400° C.
4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising: d. discharging contents of the EAF furnace downstream of step c. into a transfer ladle or container.
5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
e. granulating the liquid cast iron, or
f. casting the liquid cast iron into ingots.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cast iron is grey cast iron or nodular cast iron.