Method and apparatus for control of intelligent loads in microgrids
A method and apparatus for controlling a microgrid load. In one embodiment, the method comprises measuring at least one grid parameter of a microgrid transmission line coupled to a load in a microgrid; computing, using the at least one grid parameter and a droop control technique, at least one virtual set-point; determining a modification to operation of the load based on the at least one virtual set-point; and modifying operation of the load based on the modification.
1. A method for controlling a microgrid load, comprising:
measuring, by a load controller that is part of a load in a microgrid, the load controller comprising a processor, at least one grid parameter of a microgrid transmission line coupled to the load;
computing, by the load controller and using the measured at least one grid parameter and a droop control technique that is also utilized by a generator that is part of the microgrid, at least one virtual generator set-point, wherein each virtual generator set-point of the at least one virtual generator set-point is a current set-point which indicates whether the generator would be commanded to increase or decrease at least one of its active or reactive currents in order to support grid stabilization;
determining, by the load controller, a modification to operation of the load based on the at least one virtual generator set-point; and
modifying, by the load controller, operation of the load based on the modification.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
comparing the at least one virtual generator set-point to at least one threshold;
and determining the modification based on the comparison.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modification is determined based additionally on at least one load parameter pertaining to the load.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one load parameter comprises one or more of present load operating state, amount of current drawn by the load, load criticality, a required operating range for the load, one or more thresholds for increasing current drawn by the load, and one or more thresholds for decreasing current drawn by the load.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the at least one virtual generator set-point comprises a virtual active current set-point.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one threshold comprises an upper threshold and a lower threshold that form a hysteresis loop, and wherein (i) when the virtual active current set-point exceeds the upper threshold, the modification comprises controlling the load to reduce current drawn by the load.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein (ii) when the virtual active current set-point is below the lower threshold, the modification comprises controlling the load to increase current drawn by the load.
8. An apparatus for controlling a microgrid load, comprising:
a load controller that is part of a load in a microgrid, wherein the load controller (i) measures at least one grid parameter of a microgrid transmission line coupled to the load; (ii) computes, using the measured at least one grid parameter and a droop control technique that is also utilized by a generator that is part of the microgrid, at least one virtual generator set-point, wherein each virtual generator set-point of the at least one virtual generator set-point is a current set-point which indicates whether the generator would be commanded to increase or decrease at least one of its active or reactive currents in order to support grid stabilization; (iii) determines a modification to operation of the load based on the at least one virtual generator set-point; and (iv) modifies operation of the load based on the modification.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the load controller further compares the at least one virtual generator set-point to at least one threshold, and determines the modification based on the comparison.
10. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the modification is determined based additionally on at least one load parameter pertaining to the load.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the at least one load parameter comprises one or more of present load operating state, amount of current drawn by the load, load criticality, a required operating range for the load, one or more thresholds for increasing current drawn by the load, and one or more thresholds for decreasing current drawn by the load.
12. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the at least one virtual generator set-point comprises a virtual active current set-point.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the at least one threshold comprises an upper threshold and a lower threshold that form a hysteresis loop, and wherein (i) when the virtual active current set-point exceeds the upper threshold, the modification comprises controlling the load to reduce current drawn by the load.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein (ii) when the virtual active current set-point is below the lower threshold, the modification comprises controlling the load to increase current drawn by the load.
15. A non-transitory computer readable medium containing computer instructions stored therein for causing a computer processor to perform a method for controlling a microgrid load, the method comprising:
computing, by a load controller that comprises the computer processor and is part of a load in a microgrid, using a droop control technique that is also utilized by a generator that is part of the microgrid and at least one grid parameter measured by the load controller on a transmission line coupled to the load, at least one virtual generator set-point, wherein each virtual generator set-point of the at least one virtual generator set-point is a current set-point which indicates whether the generator would be commanded to increase or decrease at least one of its active or reactive currents in order to support grid stabilization;
determining, by the load controller, a modification to operation of the load based on the at least one virtual generator set-point; and
modifying, by the load controller, operation of the load based on the modification.
16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the method further comprises comparing, by the load controller, the at least one virtual generator set-point to at least one threshold, and determining, by the load controller, the modification based on the comparison.
17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the modification is determined based additionally on at least one load parameter pertaining to the load.
18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17 , wherein the at least one load parameter comprises one or more of present load operating state, amount of current drawn by the load, load criticality, a required operating range for the load, one or more thresholds for increasing current drawn by the load, and one or more thresholds for decreasing current drawn by the load.
19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the at least one virtual generator set-point comprises a virtual active current set-point.
20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19 , wherein the at least one threshold comprises an upper threshold and a lower threshold that form a hysteresis loop, and wherein (i) when the virtual active current set-point exceeds the upper threshold, the modification comprises controlling the load to reduce current drawn by the load, and (ii) when the virtual active current set-point is below the lower threshold, the modification comprises controlling the load to increase current drawn by the load.