Path sensor
A path sensor includes: a sensing device; at least two sensor units assigned to the sensing device, wherein the sensing device can be displaced relative to the sensor units and has a property changing at least once from a starting value to an end value along the sensing device, which property can be detected by the sensor units; and an evaluation unit, which is designed to determine the position of the sensing device relative to the sensor units as a function of the property values detected by the sensor units. The sensing device has at least two sections following on from one another in the direction of movement, along which sections the property changes from at least the starting value to at least the end value, wherein the change has different gradients in the sections.
1. A path sensor, comprising:
a measurement value transducer;
at least two sensor units assigned to the measurement value transducer, wherein the measurement value transducer is displaceable relative to the at least two sensor units in a direction of movement and has a property which changes at least once from an initial value to an end value along the measurement value transducer, and the at least two sensor units being configured to detect property values of the property; and
an evaluation device configured to determine the position of the measurement value transducer relative to the at least two sensor units based on the property values detected by the at least two sensor units,
wherein:
the measurement value transducer has at least two sections in succession in the direction of movement, and the property changes along each section of the at least two sections from at least a starting value to at least an end value, wherein the property change has different gradients in the at least two sections;
the at least two sensor units each have at least one induction coil, and
the measurement value transducer is metallically configured and the property is a width of the measurement value transducer that changes in the direction of movement.
2. The path sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least two of the at least two sections have at least one of equal starting values of the property and equal end values of the property.
3. The path sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the measurement value transducer includes at least one further section situated in the direction of movement and in which the property does not change in the direction of movement.
4. The path sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least two sensor units are arranged in succession as viewed in the direction of movement of the measurement value transducer.
5. The path sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the measurement value transducer is mounted displaceably.
6. The path sensor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the measurement value transducer is mounted rotatably.
7. A path sensor, comprising:
a measurement value transducer;
at least two sensor units assigned to the measurement value transducer, wherein the measurement value transducer is displaceable relative to the at least two sensor units in a direction of movement and has a property which changes at least once from an initial value to an end value along the measurement value transducer, and the at least two sensor units being configured to detect property values of the property; and
an evaluation device configured to determine the position of the measurement value transducer relative to the at least two sensor units based on the property values detected by the at least two sensor units,
wherein:
the measurement value transducer has at least two sections in succession in the direction of movement, and the property changes along each section of the at least two sections from at least a starting value to at least an end value, wherein the property change has different gradients in the at least two sections;
the at least two sensor units are configured as capacitive sensors, and
the measurement value transducer is metallically configured and the property is a width of the measurement value transducer that changes in the direction of movement.
8. A method for operating a path sensor, comprising:
detecting, with at least two sensor units assigned to a measurement value transducer, property values of a property which changes at least once from a starting value to an end value along a direction of movement of the measurement value transducer, the measurement value transducer being displaceable along the direction of movement, the measurement value transducer has at least two sections in succession in the direction of movement, the property changes along each section of the at least two sections from at least a starting value to at least an end value, the at least two sensor units each have at least one induction coil, the measurement value transducer is metallically configured, and the property is a width of the measurement value transducer that changes in the direction of movement; and
determining a position of the measurement value transducer in relation to the at least two sensor units based on the property values of the property detected by the sensor units;
wherein a gradient of the change in the property is ascertained by the sensor units, and
wherein, the position of the measurement value transducer is determined depending on the detected property values and the ascertained gradient.
9. A method for operating a path sensor including a measurement value transducer and at least two sensor units assigned to the measurement value transducer, the at least two sensor units displaced with respect to each other and configured to detect property values of a property which changes at least once from a starting value to an end value along the path, comprising:
displacing the measurement value transducer relative to the at least two sensor units along the path, the measurement value transducer having at least two sections in succession in the direction of movement wherein the property is a magnetic field orientation which changes along each section of the at least two sections from at least a starting value to at least an end value, wherein the magnetic field orientation has different gradients in the at least two sections;
detecting, with the at least two sensor units configured as Hall or XMR magnetic field-sensitive sensors, a plurality of property values of the property as the measurement value transducer is displaced along the path;
determining a first slope of a change in the detected plurality of property values, as detected by a first sensor of the at least two sensors, resulting from the displacement of the measurement value transducer along the path;
determining a second slope of a change in the detected plurality of property values, as detected by a second sensor of the at least two sensors, resulting from the displacement of the measurement value transducer along the path; and
determining the position of the measurement value transducer absolutely using the determined first and second slopes and a difference between a first of the plurality of property values detected by the first sensor and a second of the plurality of property values detected by the second sensor.