Knowledge discovery based on brainwave response to external stimulation
Techniques are disclosed for detecting knowledge based on brainwave response to external stimulation. A subject can be exposed to stimuli and brainwave responses indicating a p-300 signal can be detected. Further stimuli or sequences of stimuli can be selected be presented to the subject based on the category correlated with the stimuli that indicate a p-300 response.
1. A method for obtaining information of at least one of knowledge, interest and experience of a subject for a specific category of knowledge, the method comprising:
receiving, by a processor, a first signal, wherein the first signal represents a first brainwave response of the subject to a first stimulus associated with first information;
determining, by the processor, a first correlation between the first brainwave response and a knowledge category, wherein the knowledge category is a first node of a hierarchical tree structure for categories of knowledge;
receiving, by the processor and after a determination of the first correlation, a second signal, wherein the second signal represents a second brainwave response of the subject to a second stimulus associated with second information in greater detail and specificity than the first information;
determining, by the processor, a second correlation between the second brainwave response and a sub-category of the knowledge category, wherein the sub-category is a second node representing the specific category of knowledge of the hierarchical tree structure for the categories of knowledge; and
obtaining information of at least one of knowledge, interest and experience of the subject based on the determined second correlation between the second brainwave response and the sub-category of the knowledge category.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first signal or the second signal comprises an electroencephalogram.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of:
the receiving the first signal comprises receiving the first signal from a sensor; or
the receiving the second signal comprises receiving the second signal from the sensor.
4. The method of claim 3 , where in the sensor comprises an electrode.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of:
the determining the first correlation comprises determining a presence of a p-300 signal at a point in the first signal that has a correspondence with a time at which the subject was exposed to the first stimulus; or
the determining the second correlation comprises determining a presence of the p-300 signal at a point in the second signal that has a correspondence with to a time at which the subject was exposed to the second stimulus.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein at least one of:
the correspondence with the time at which the subject was exposed to the first stimulus comprises the point in the first signal being about 300 milliseconds after the time at which the subject was exposed to the first stimulus; or
the correspondence with the time at which the subject was exposed to the second stimulus comprises the point in the second signal being about 300 milliseconds after the time at which the subject was exposed to the second stimulus.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of:
the determining the first correlation comprises processing the first signal through a classifier; or
the determining the second correlation comprises processing the second signal through the classifier.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising training, by the processor, the classifier with a signal produced in response to exposing the subject to at least one of a stimulus known to be familiar to the subject or a stimulus known to be recognized by the subject.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising determining, by the processor, a correlation between at least one of the first brainwave response or the second brainwave response and an indication of at least one of:
an inattentiveness of the subject to at least one of the first stimulus or the second stimulus; or
a muscle movement by the subject at a time of at least one of the first stimulus or the second stimulus.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first stimulus or the second stimulus excludes a question presented to the subject.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first stimulus or the second stimulus is included in a sequence of stimuli.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the sequence of stimuli is presented to the subject at a rate of between four and twelve stimuli per second.
13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising repeating, by the processor and in iterations, at least one of the receiving the first signal or the receiving the second signal, wherein at least one of:
a position of the first stimulus in a first iteration is different from a position of the first stimulus in a second iteration; or
a position of the second stimulus in the first iteration is different from a position of the second stimulus in the second iteration.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting, by the processor and after the determination of the first correlation, the second stimulus.
15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer code for obtaining information of at least one of knowledge, interest and experience of a subject for a specific category of knowledge, the computer code including instructions to cause the processor to:
receive a first signal, wherein the first signal represents a first brainwave response of the subject to a first stimulus associated with first information;
determine a first correlation between the first brainwave response and a knowledge category, wherein the knowledge category is a first node of a hierarchical tree structure for categories of knowledge;
receive, after a determination of the first correlation, a second signal, wherein the second signal represents a second brainwave response of the subject to a second stimulus associated with second information in greater detail and specificity than the first information;
determine a second correlation between the second brainwave response and a sub-category of the knowledge category, wherein the sub-category is a second node representing the specific category of knowledge of the hierarchical tree structure for the categories of knowledge; and
obtain information of at least one of knowledge, interest and experience of the subject based on the determined second correlation between the second brainwave response and the sub-category of the knowledge category.
16. A system for obtaining information of at least one of knowledge, interest and experience of a subject for a specific category of knowledge, the system comprising:
a memory configured to store a first signal and a second signal; and
a processor configured to:
receive the first signal, wherein the first signal represents a first brainwave response of the subject to a first stimulus associated with first information;
determine a first correlation between the first brainwave response and a knowledge category, wherein the knowledge category is a first node of a hierarchical tree structure for categories of knowledge;
receive, after a determination of the first correlation, the second signal, wherein the second signal represents a second brainwave response of the subject to a second stimulus associated with second information in greater detail and specificity than the first information;
determine a second correlation between the second brainwave response and a subcategory of the knowledge category, wherein the sub-category is a second node representing the specific category of knowledge of the hierarchical tree structure for the categories of knowledge; and
obtain information of at least one of knowledge, interest and experience of the subject based on the determined second correlation between the second brainwave response and the sub-category of the knowledge category.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein at least one of:
the processor is configured to determine the first correlation by determining a presence of a p-300 signal at a point in the first signal that has a correspondence with a time at which the subject was exposed to the first stimulus; or
the processor is configured to determine the second correlation by determining a presence of the p-300 signal at a point in the second signal that has a correspondence with to a time at which the subject was exposed to the second stimulus.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein at least one of:
the correspondence with the time at which the subject was exposed to the first stimulus comprises the point in the first signal being about 300 milliseconds after the time at which the subject was exposed to the first stimulus; or
the correspondence with the time at which the subject was exposed to the second stimulus comprises the point in the second signal being about 300 milliseconds after the time at which the subject was exposed to the second stimulus.
19. The system of claim 16 , wherein at least one of:
the processor is configured to determine the first correlation by processing the first signal through a classifier; or
the processor is configured to determine the second correlation by processing the second signal through the classifier.
20. The system of claim 19 , wherein the processor is further configured to train the classifier with a signal produced in response to exposing the subject to at least one of a stimulus known to be familiar to the subject or a stimulus known to be recognized by the subject.
21. The system of claim 16 , wherein the processor is further configured to determine a correlation between at least one of the first brainwave response or the second brainwave response and an indication of at least one of:
an inattentiveness of the subject to at least one of the first stimulus or the second stimulus; or
a muscle movement by the subject at a time of at least one of the first stimulus or the second stimulus.
22. The system of claim 16 , wherein the processor is further configured to select, after the determination of the first correlation, the second stimulus.