Barrier coating structure
The present disclosure provides a barrier-coating structure that includes a polymer-matrix composite having a first surface and a second surface. The barrier-coating structure includes a flexible layer having a first surface and a second surface and a sol-gel layer having a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the flexible layer contacts the second surface of the flexible layer. The barrier-coating structure includes a barrier layer having a first surface and a second surface. The sol-gel and/or the barrier layer may comprise one or more reactive substituents. The first surface of the barrier layer may be a laser-ablated surface.
1. A barrier-coating structure comprising:
a polymer-matrix composite comprising a first surface and a second surface;
a flexible layer comprising a first surface and a second surface;
a sol-gel layer comprising a first surface and a second surface, the first surface contacting the second surface of the flexible layer; and
a barrier layer comprising a first surface and a second surface, wherein the polymer-matrix composite or flexible layer comprises one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, amine, nadic, and combinations thereof,
wherein the first surface of the flexible layer comprises a first polymer comprising one or more substituents and the second surface of the flexible layer comprises a second polymer comprising one or more substituents, wherein the one or more substituents of the first polymer are not the same as the one or more substituents of the second polymer.
2. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the polymer-matrix composite comprises one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, amine, nadic, and combinations thereof.
3. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the flexible layer comprises one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, amine, nadic, and combinations thereof.
4. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the sol-gel layer comprises one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, amine, nadic, and combinations thereof.
5. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer comprises one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, nadic, amine, and combinations thereof.
6. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the substituents of the first polymer and the second polymer are independently selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, nadic, amine, and combinations thereof.
7. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the first surface of the sol-gel layer comprises a first polymer comprising substituents and the second surface of the sol-gel layer comprises a second polymer comprising substituents, wherein the substituents of the first polymer of the sol-gel layer are not the same as the substituents of the second polymer of the sol-gel layer.
8. The barrier-coating structure of claim 7 , wherein the substituents of the first polymer of the sol-gel layer and the second polymer of the sol-gel layer are independently selected from the group consisting of phthalonitrile, phenylethynyl, glycidyl, anhydride, nadic, amine, and combinations thereof.
9. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the flexible layer further includes an electrically conductive material.
10. The barrier-coating structure of claim 9 , wherein the electrically conductive material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, a metal, and combinations thereof.
11. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the flexible layer has a thickness from about 0.5 micron to about 50 microns.
12. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the sol-gel layer comprises a silicon-zirconium-glycidyl sol-gel.
13. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the barrier layer has a thickness between about 1 micron and about 30 microns.
14. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein:
the second polymer of the flexible layer is an amine-substituted silicone and the sol-gel layer comprises a phthalonitrile-substituted silane.
15. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein:
the first polymer of the flexible layer is a phenylethynyl-substituted silicone and the polymer matrix composite comprises an amine-substituted polymer.
16. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein:
the first polymer of the flexible layer is an amine-substituted silicone and the polymer matrix composite comprises a phenylethynyl-substituted polymer.
17. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein:
the barrier layer is disposed on the sol-gel layer,
the sol-gel layer is disposed on the flexible layer, and
the flexible layer is disposed on the polymer-matrix composite.
18. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein:
the barrier layer is disposed on the flexible layer,
the flexible layer is disposed on the sol-gel layer, and
the sol-gel layer is disposed on the polymer-matrix composite.
19. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the polymer-matrix composite comprises a polyimide, a bismaleimide, a polybenzoxazole, a polybenzoxazine, a polyetheretherketone, or combinations thereof.
20. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the flexible layer comprises a silicone, a silane, a siloxane, a silazane, or combinations thereof.
21. The barrier-coating structure of claim 1 , wherein the second surface of the sol-gel layer penetrates the first surface of the barrier layer.
22. A barrier-coating structure comprising:
a polymer-matrix composite comprising a first surface and a second surface, the polymer-matrix composite comprising a polyimide polymer-matrix composite, a bismaleimide polymer-matrix composite, an inorganic polymer, a polybenzoxazole, a polybenzoxazine, a polyetheretherketone, or a combination thereof;
a flexible layer comprising a first surface and a second surface;
a sol-gel layer comprising a first surface and a second surface, the first surface contacting the second surface of the flexible layer; and
a barrier layer comprising a first surface and a second surface,
wherein the first surface of the flexible layer comprises a first polymer comprising one or more substituents and the second surface of the flexible layer comprises a second polymer comprising one or more substituents, wherein the one or more substituents of the first polymer are not the same as the one or more substituents of the second polymer.
23. The barrier-coating structure of claim 22 , wherein the flexible layer further includes an electrically conductive material.
24. The barrier-coating structure of claim 23 , wherein the electrically conductive material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, a metal, and combinations thereof.
25. The barrier-coating structure of claim 22 , wherein the flexible layer has a thickness from about 0.5 micron to about 50 microns.
26. The barrier-coating structure of claim 22 , wherein the sol-gel layer comprises a silicon-zirconium-glycidyl sol-gel.
27. The barrier-coating structure of claim 22 , wherein the barrier layer has a thickness between about 1 micron and about 30 microns.