System, method, and apparatus for power distribution in an electric mobile application using a combined breaker and relay
A mobile application includes a motive power circuit having a power storage device and an electrical load, where the power storage device and the electrical load are selectively electrically coupled through a power bus. The application includes a power distribution unit (PDU) electrically interposed between the power storage device and the electrical load, where the PDU includes a breaker/relay positioned on one of a high side and a low side of the power storage device. The breaker/relay includes a fixed contact and a moveable contact selectively electrically coupled to the fixed contact, where the moveable contact allows power flow through the power bus when electrically coupled to the fixed contact, and prevents power flow through the power bus when not electrically coupled to the fixed contact. The breaker/relay includes an armature coupled to the moveable contact, and capable to open or close the motive power circuit.
1. A breaker/relay, comprising:
a fixed contact electrically coupled to a power bus;
a moveable contact selectively electrically coupled to the fixed contact;
an armature operationally coupled to the moveable contact, such that the armature in a first position prevents electrical coupling between the moveable contact and the fixed contact, and the armature in a second position allows electrical coupling between the moveable contact and the fixed contact;
a first biasing member biasing the armature into one of the first position or the second position;
a current response circuit structured to determine a current in the power bus, and further structured to command the armature to the first position in response to the current in the power bus indicating a high current value; and
a contact force spring operationally interposed between the armature and the moveable contact, such that in response to the armature being in the second position, the contact force spring is at least partially compressed, and wherein the contact force spring is configured such that a Lorentz force acting between the fixed contact and the moveable contact further compresses the contact force spring in response to a selected current value.
2. The breaker/relay of claim 1 , wherein the high current value is lower than the selected current value.
3. The breaker/relay of claim 1 , wherein the power bus is a power bus for a mobile application.
4. The breaker/relay of claim 3 , wherein the mobile application comprises at least two electrical current operating regions.
5. A breaker/relay, comprising:
a fixed contact electrically coupled to a power bus;
a moveable contact selectively electrically coupled to the fixed contact;
an armature operationally coupled to the moveable contact, such that the armature in a first position prevents electrical coupling between the moveable contact and the fixed contact, and the armature in a second position allows electrical coupling between the moveable contact and the fixed contact;
a first biasing member biasing the armature into one of the first position or the second position; and
a current response circuit structured to determine a current in the power bus, and further structured to command the armature to the first position in response to the current in the power bus indicating a high current value, wherein the moveable contact comprises a body extending away from the fixed contact, wherein the body of the moveable contact is disposed within a plurality of splitter plates, and wherein the plurality of splitter plates are at least partially disposed within a permanent magnet.
6. The breaker/relay of claim 5 , wherein the power bus is a power bus for a mobile application.
7. The breaker/relay of claim 6 , wherein the mobile application comprises at least two electrical current operating regions.