Modified release compositions comprising tacrolimus
A modified release composition comprising tacrolimus releases less than 20% w/w of the active ingredient within 0.5 hours when subjected to an in vitro dissolution test using USP Paddle method and using 0.1 N HCl as dissolution medium and has increased bioavailability by effectively reducing or even avoiding the effects of CYP3A4 metabolism. The modified composition may be coated with an enteric coating; and/or may comprise a solid dispersion or a solid solution of tacrolimus in a hydrophilic or water-miscible vehicle and one or more modifying release agents; and/or may comprise a solid dispersion or a solid solution of tacrolimus in an amphiphilic or hydrophobic vehicle and optionally one or more modifying release agents.
1. A method of preparing an oral extended release pharmaceutical composition of tacrolimus, the method comprising:
(i) dissolving or dispersing tacrolimus in a vehicle to form a first composition, wherein the vehicle is a hydrophilic or water-miscible vehicle;
(ii) spraying the first composition onto carrier particles; and
(iii) blending the product of step (ii) with one or more modifying release agents.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic or water-miscible vehicle is selected from polyethylene glycols, polyoxyethylene oxides, poloxamers, polyoxyethylene stearates, poly-epsilon caprolactone, and mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic or water-miscible vehicle is selected from polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyvinyl-polyvinylacetate copolymers (PVP-PVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polymethacrylic polymers, cellulose derivatives including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, pectins, cyclodextrins, galactomannans, alginates, carragenates, xanthan gums and mixtures thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic or water-miscible vehicle comprises polyethylene glycol (PEG).
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of at least 1500.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 6000.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophilic or water-miscible vehicle comprises polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poloxamer.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein poloxamer is poloxamer 188.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the weight ratio of polyethylene glycol to poloxamer is between 1:3 and 10:1.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modifying release agents are selected from hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl cellulose, poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) (PVP), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), xanthan gum, carrageenan, and any combination of any of the foregoing.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the modifying release agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC).
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrier particles comprise lactose.
13. An oral extended release pharmaceutical composition prepared by the method of claim 1 .